World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Area

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Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield

This oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield was conducted by Clark Hansen in Hatfield's office in Portland, Oregon, from July 29, 1998, to May 22, 2002. The interview was conducted in 33 sessions and the collection includes a transcript. Some sections of the interview have been redacted by Hatfield.

In sessions 1 through 4, Hatfield discusses his family background and early life in Dallas and Salem, Oregon. He talks about his experiences at Willamette University, his service in the U.S. Navy during World War II, and about his experiences at Stanford University after the war.

In sessions 5 through 8, he discusses current events at the time of the interview in 1998, and talks about his personal and political philosophy.

In sessions 9 through 14, he discusses his time serving in the Oregon Legislature as a representative from Marion County from 1951 to 1955, and talks about his involvement in Dwight D. Eisenhower's 1952 presidential campaign. He also speaks at length about his Christian faith and personal philosophy.

In session 15, he discusses his time serving in the Oregon Legislature; anti-communist sentiment in the 1950s; and his campaign for the Oregon State Senate in 1954.

In sessions 16 through 19, he discusses his service as a state senator from Marion County from 1955 to 1957, and as Oregon secretary of state from 1957 to 1959, including his 1956 campaign.

In the bulk of sessions 20 through 28, he discusses his service as Oregon governor from 1959 to 1967, including appointments he made and his international travels; in session 21, he speaks about his marriage to Antoinette Kuzmanich and about her background.

In sessions 29 through 33, he discusses his opposition to the Vietnam War. He talks about serving in the U.S. Senate from 1967 to 1997, including his 1967 campaign.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 01, Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In the first interview session, conducted on July 29, 1998, Hatfield discusses his family background and early life in Dallas and Salem, Oregon, including his Methodist and Baptist upbringing and life in a predominantly Mennonite community. He talks about his childhood activities, the houses he lived in, and his early education. He also reflects on the lack of racial and cultural diversity in his childhood communities. He also talks about his early exposure to politics, particularly regarding the Republican Party. He speaks about the 1934 election for Oregon governor, shares his memories of the 1935 fire at the state Capitol, and talks about his early political ambitions.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 01, Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In the first interview session, conducted on July 29, 1998, Hatfield discusses his family background and early life in Dallas and Salem, Oregon, including his Methodist and Baptist upbringing and life in a predominantly Mennonite community. He talks about his childhood activities, the houses he lived in, and his early education. He also reflects on the lack of racial and cultural diversity in his childhood communities. He also talks about his early exposure to politics, particularly regarding the Republican Party. He speaks about the 1934 election for Oregon governor, shares his memories of the 1935 fire at the state Capitol, and talks about his early political ambitions.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 01, Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. In the first interview session, conducted on July 29, 1998, Hatfield discusses his family background and early life in Dallas and Salem, Oregon, including his Methodist and Baptist upbringing and life in a predominantly Mennonite community. He talks about his childhood activities, the houses he lived in, and his early education. He also reflects on the lack of racial and cultural diversity in his childhood communities. He also talks about his early exposure to politics, particularly regarding the Republican Party. He speaks about the 1934 election for Oregon governor, shares his memories of the 1935 fire at the state Capitol, and talks about his early political ambitions.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 01, Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. In the first interview session, conducted on July 29, 1998, Hatfield discusses his family background and early life in Dallas and Salem, Oregon, including his Methodist and Baptist upbringing and life in a predominantly Mennonite community. He talks about his childhood activities, the houses he lived in, and his early education. He also reflects on the lack of racial and cultural diversity in his childhood communities. He also talks about his early exposure to politics, particularly regarding the Republican Party. He speaks about the 1934 election for Oregon governor, shares his memories of the 1935 fire at the state Capitol, and talks about his early political ambitions.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 02, Recording 01]

Tape 3, Side 1. In the second interview session, conducted on September 29, 1998, Hatfield discusses his Christian faith and involvement with the Baptist Church, and discusses the changes in the Baptist Church after World War II. He talks about his undergraduate studies at Willamette University, including some of his professors, studying history, and his social life. He describes American isolationist sentiment during the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany and the advent of World War II. He discusses how attitudes changed in the aftermath of the attack on Pearl Harbor, particularly the increase in anti-Japanese sentiment and the U.S. government's eventual incarceration of Japanese Americans. He also talks about people he knew who were conscientious objectors.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 02, Recording 02]

Tape 3, Side 2. In the second interview session, conducted on September 29, 1998, Hatfield discusses his Christian faith and involvement with the Baptist Church, and discusses the changes in the Baptist Church after World War II. He talks about his undergraduate studies at Willamette University, including some of his professors, studying history, and his social life. He describes American isolationist sentiment during the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany and the advent of World War II. He discusses how attitudes changed in the aftermath of the attack on Pearl Harbor, particularly the increase in anti-Japanese sentiment and the U.S. government's eventual incarceration of Japanese Americans. He also talks about people he knew who were conscientious objectors.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 02, Recording 03]

Tape 4, Side 1. In the second interview session, conducted on September 29, 1998, Hatfield discusses his Christian faith and involvement with the Baptist Church, and discusses the changes in the Baptist Church after World War II. He talks about his undergraduate studies at Willamette University, including some of his professors, studying history, and his social life. He describes American isolationist sentiment during the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany and the advent of World War II. He discusses how attitudes changed in the aftermath of the attack on Pearl Harbor, particularly the increase in anti-Japanese sentiment and the U.S. government's eventual incarceration of Japanese Americans. He also talks about people he knew who were conscientious objectors.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 03, Recording 01]

Tape 4, Side 2. In the third interview session, conducted on October 1, 1998, Hatfield discusses his service in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He talks about his training, and describes serving in the Pacific Theater, particularly his experiences during the invasions of Iwo Jima and Okinawa, Japan. He also talks about acting as chaplain for his crew. He discusses the preparations for the invasion of mainland Japan, and witnessing Japan’s surrender. He then talks about entering Hiroshima after the atomic bombing of the city by the United States, including the reception of U.S. forces by Japanese citizens and the devastation he observed. He also discusses working alongside Chinese troops during the Chinese Civil War, the cultural differences he experienced in East Asia, and world politics immediately following the end of the war.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 03, Recording 02]

Tape 5, Side 1. In the third interview session, conducted on October 1, 1998, Hatfield discusses his service in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He talks about his training, and describes serving in the Pacific Theater, particularly his experiences during the invasions of Iwo Jima and Okinawa, Japan. He also talks about acting as chaplain for his crew. He discusses the preparations for the invasion of mainland Japan, and witnessing Japan’s surrender. He then talks about entering Hiroshima after the atomic bombing of the city by the United States, including the reception of U.S. forces by Japanese citizens and the devastation he observed. He also discusses working alongside Chinese troops during the Chinese Civil War, the cultural differences he experienced in East Asia, and world politics immediately following the end of the war.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 03, Recording 03]

Tape 5, Side 2. In the third interview session, conducted on October 1, 1998, Hatfield discusses his service in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He talks about his training, and describes serving in the Pacific Theater, particularly his experiences during the invasions of Iwo Jima and Okinawa, Japan. He also talks about acting as chaplain for his crew. He discusses the preparations for the invasion of mainland Japan, and witnessing Japan’s surrender. He then talks about entering Hiroshima after the atomic bombing of the city by the United States, including the reception of U.S. forces by Japanese citizens and the devastation he observed. He also discusses working alongside Chinese troops during the Chinese Civil War, the cultural differences he experienced in East Asia, and world politics immediately following the end of the war.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 03, Recording 04]

Tape 6, Side 1. In the third interview session, conducted on October 1, 1998, Hatfield discusses his service in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He talks about his training, and describes serving in the Pacific Theater, particularly his experiences during the invasions of Iwo Jima and Okinawa, Japan. He also talks about acting as chaplain for his crew. He discusses the preparations for the invasion of mainland Japan, and witnessing Japan’s surrender. He then talks about entering Hiroshima after the atomic bombing of the city by the United States, including the reception of U.S. forces by Japanese citizens and the devastation he observed. He also discusses working alongside Chinese troops during the Chinese Civil War, the cultural differences he experienced in East Asia, and world politics immediately following the end of the war.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 04, Recording 01]

Tape 6, Side 2. In the fourth interview session, conducted on November 12, 1998, Hatfield describes the effect of his Navy service on his views about war. He revisits the topic of American isolationist sentiment during the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany and the advent of World War II; talks about the justifications for other United States wars, particularly the Civil War; and revisits the topic of world politics immediately following the end of World War II. He discusses his activities after his discharge from the U.S. Navy. He talks about attending Stanford University through the G.I. Bill, forming a friendship with Travis Cross, and getting involved in the Republican Party and Oregon politics. He speaks at length about his political philosophy.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 04, Recording 02]

Tape 7, Side 1. In the fourth interview session, conducted on November 12, 1998, Hatfield describes the effect of his Navy service on his views about war. He revisits the topic of American isolationist sentiment during the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany and the advent of World War II; talks about the justifications for other United States wars, particularly the Civil War; and revisits the topic of world politics immediately following the end of World War II. He discusses his activities after his discharge from the U.S. Navy. He talks about attending Stanford University through the G.I. Bill, forming a friendship with Travis Cross, and getting involved in the Republican Party and Oregon politics. He speaks at length about his political philosophy.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 04, Recording 03]

Tape 7, Side 2. In the fourth interview session, conducted on November 12, 1998, Hatfield describes the effect of his Navy service on his views about war. He revisits the topic of American isolationist sentiment during the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany and the advent of World War II; talks about the justifications for other United States wars, particularly the Civil War; and revisits the topic of world politics immediately following the end of World War II. He discusses his activities after his discharge from the U.S. Navy. He talks about attending Stanford University through the G.I. Bill, forming a friendship with Travis Cross, and getting involved in the Republican Party and Oregon politics. He speaks at length about his political philosophy.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 05, Recording 01]

Tape 8, Side 1. In the fifth interview session, conducted on December 3, 1998, Hatfield continues to speak at length about his political philosophy. He talks about the organization of Oregon state government, giving examples from his time as governor; and discusses balancing environmental conservation and economic concerns. He also talks about his master’s thesis on Herbert Hoover and about teaching at Willamette University.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 05, Recording 02]

Tape 8, Side 2. In the fifth interview session, conducted on December 3, 1998, Hatfield continues to speak at length about his political philosophy. He talks about the organization of Oregon state government, giving examples from his time as governor; and discusses balancing environmental conservation and economic concerns. He also talks about his master’s thesis on Herbert Hoover and about teaching at Willamette University.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 05, Recording 03]

Tape 9, Side 1. In the fifth interview session, conducted on December 3, 1998, Hatfield continues to speak at length about his political philosophy. He talks about the organization of Oregon state government, giving examples from his time as governor; and discusses balancing environmental conservation and economic concerns. He also talks about his master’s thesis on Herbert Hoover and about teaching at Willamette University.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 06, Recording 01]

Tape 9, Side 2. In the sixth interview session, conducted on December 8, 1998, Hatfield talks about current events at the time of the interview session. He discusses the impeachment of President Bill Clinton and compares it to his experience in the Senate during the impeachment of President Richard M. Nixon. He also talks about the morality of lying and about legislation regarding voter registration. He then begins to talk about his time serving in the Oregon Legislature as a representative from Marion County from 1951 to 1955.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 06, Recording 02]

Tape 10, Side 1. In the sixth interview session, conducted on December 8, 1998, Hatfield talks about current events at the time of the interview session. He discusses the impeachment of President Bill Clinton and compares it to his experience in the Senate during the impeachment of President Richard M. Nixon. He also talks about the morality of lying and about legislation regarding voter registration. He then begins to talk about his time serving in the Oregon Legislature as a representative from Marion County from 1951 to 1955.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 06, Recording 03]

Tape 10, Side 2. In the sixth interview session, conducted on December 8, 1998, Hatfield talks about current events at the time of the interview session. He discusses the impeachment of President Bill Clinton and compares it to his experience in the Senate during the impeachment of President Richard M. Nixon. He also talks about the morality of lying and about legislation regarding voter registration. He then begins to talk about his time serving in the Oregon Legislature as a representative from Marion County from 1951 to 1955.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 07, Recording 01]

Tape 11, Side 1. In the seventh interview session, conducted on December 17, 1998, Hatfield talks about current events at the time of the interview session. He discusses the recent deaths of Arizona Senator Morris Udall and Florida Governor Lawton Chiles, and shares his thoughts about the afterlife. He then speaks at length about ongoing conflict with Iraq. He shares his thoughts about U.S. dependence on oil, about presidents waging war without congressional approval, and about the role of the United Nations.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 07, Recording 02]

Tape 11, Side 2. In the seventh interview session, conducted on December 17, 1998, Hatfield talks about current events at the time of the interview session. He discusses the recent deaths of Arizona Senator Morris Udall and Florida Governor Lawton Chiles, and shares his thoughts about the afterlife. He then speaks at length about ongoing conflict with Iraq. He shares his thoughts about U.S. dependence on oil, about presidents waging war without congressional approval, and about the role of the United Nations.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 07, Recording 03]

Tape 12, Side 1. In the seventh interview session, conducted on December 17, 1998, Hatfield talks about current events at the time of the interview session. He discusses the recent deaths of Arizona Senator Morris Udall and Florida Governor Lawton Chiles, and shares his thoughts about the afterlife. He then speaks at length about ongoing conflict with Iraq. He shares his thoughts about U.S. dependence on oil, about presidents waging war without congressional approval, and about the role of the United Nations.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 08, Recording 01]

Tape 12, Side 2. In the eighth interview session, conducted on September 28, 1999, Hatfield speaks at length about the evolution of his political philosophy throughout his public service career, including his views about regional government, about the separation of powers, and about capitalism. He talks about his 1950 campaign for the Oregon House of Representatives, then begins to discuss his time serving in the Oregon Legislature as a representative from Marion County from 1951 to 1955, with a focus on the 1951 legislative session.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 08, Recording 02]

Tape 13, Side 1. In the eighth interview session, conducted on September 28, 1999, Hatfield speaks at length about the evolution of his political philosophy throughout his public service career, including his views about regional government, about the separation of powers, and about capitalism. He talks about his 1950 campaign for the Oregon House of Representatives, then begins to discuss his time serving in the Oregon Legislature as a representative from Marion County from 1951 to 1955, with a focus on the 1951 legislative session.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 08, Recording 03]

Tape 13, Side 2. In the eighth interview session, conducted on September 28, 1999, Hatfield speaks at length about the evolution of his political philosophy throughout his public service career, including his views about regional government, about the separation of powers, and about capitalism. He talks about his 1950 campaign for the Oregon House of Representatives, then begins to discuss his time serving in the Oregon Legislature as a representative from Marion County from 1951 to 1955, with a focus on the 1951 legislative session.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

Oral history interview with Mark O. Hatfield [Session 09, Recording 01]

Tape 14, Side 1. In the ninth interview session, conducted on October 8, 1999, Hatfield continues to discuss his time serving in the Oregon Legislature as a representative from Marion County from 1951 to 1955, with a focus on the 1951 legislative session. He speaks about the upheavals in Oregon politics during the 1950s, and how that affected the trajectory of his political career. He also talks about the legislative career of Richard Neuberger and about appointing a successor to Neuberger’s Senate seat while he was governor in 1960. He talks about legislators he served with in the Oregon House, and about his committee assignments. He also talks about his involvement in Dwight D. Eisenhower’s 1952 presidential campaign.

Hatfield, Mark O., 1922-2011

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