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Interview with Betty B. Cleator [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Betty B. Cleator was conducted by Madeline Moore in Warrenton, Oregon, on June 6, 1981. In this interview, Cleator briefly discusses her family background and early life, talks about how she came to work in the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington, and shares her experiences as a drafter. She describes the work she did as a draftsman, and speaks at length about the drafting process at Kaiser. She talks about studying landscape architecture in college, and about the difficulty of finding a job in that field as a woman. She describes daily life in the shipyards, shares stories about the dangers of the work, and talks about the discrimination women faced from their union. She shares her memories of life in Portland during the early days of World War II. She talks about jobs she held after the end of the war and discusses how attitudes toward women in the workforce changed.

Cleator, Betty B. (Elizabeth Bertrand), 1917-1997

Interview with Betty B. Cleator [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Betty B. Cleator was conducted by Madeline Moore in Warrenton, Oregon, on June 6, 1981. In this interview, Cleator briefly discusses her family background and early life, talks about how she came to work in the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington, and shares her experiences as a drafter. She describes the work she did as a draftsman, and speaks at length about the drafting process at Kaiser. She talks about studying landscape architecture in college, and about the difficulty of finding a job in that field as a woman. She describes daily life in the shipyards, shares stories about the dangers of the work, and talks about the discrimination women faced from their union. She shares her memories of life in Portland during the early days of World War II. She talks about jobs she held after the end of the war and discusses how attitudes toward women in the workforce changed.

Cleator, Betty B. (Elizabeth Bertrand), 1917-1997

Interview with Betty B. Cleator [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Betty B. Cleator was conducted by Madeline Moore in Warrenton, Oregon, on June 6, 1981. In this interview, Cleator briefly discusses her family background and early life, talks about how she came to work in the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington, and shares her experiences as a drafter. She describes the work she did as a draftsman, and speaks at length about the drafting process at Kaiser. She talks about studying landscape architecture in college, and about the difficulty of finding a job in that field as a woman. She describes daily life in the shipyards, shares stories about the dangers of the work, and talks about the discrimination women faced from their union. She shares her memories of life in Portland during the early days of World War II. She talks about jobs she held after the end of the war and discusses how attitudes toward women in the workforce changed.

Cleator, Betty B. (Elizabeth Bertrand), 1917-1997

Interview with Betty B. Cleator [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with Betty B. Cleator was conducted by Madeline Moore in Warrenton, Oregon, on June 6, 1981. In this interview, Cleator briefly discusses her family background and early life, talks about how she came to work in the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington, and shares her experiences as a drafter. She describes the work she did as a draftsman, and speaks at length about the drafting process at Kaiser. She talks about studying landscape architecture in college, and about the difficulty of finding a job in that field as a woman. She describes daily life in the shipyards, shares stories about the dangers of the work, and talks about the discrimination women faced from their union. She shares her memories of life in Portland during the early days of World War II. She talks about jobs she held after the end of the war and discusses how attitudes toward women in the workforce changed.

Cleator, Betty B. (Elizabeth Bertrand), 1917-1997

Interview with Carrie Chapman [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. The sound quality of this interview is very poor. This oral history interview with Carrie Chapman was conducted by Madeline Moore and Karen Wickre on May 12, 1980. In this interview, Chapman discusses living and teaching in Eastern Oregon, and talks about teaching special education in Portland schools. She describes how she came to work as a welder at the Commercial Iron Works shipyards in Portland. She describes the dangers of the job, talks about her job duties, and discusses the treatment women workers received in Portland, from both men and other women. She shares her feelings about working with Black people. She describes naval inspections, talks about people she worked with, and shares her feelings about the the U.S. government's incarceration of Japanese Americans. She also talks about necessary protective gear.

Chapman, Carrie

Interview with Carrie Chapman [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. The sound quality of this interview is very poor. This oral history interview with Carrie Chapman was conducted by Madeline Moore and Karen Wickre on May 12, 1980. In this interview, Chapman discusses living and teaching in Eastern Oregon, and talks about teaching special education in Portland schools. She describes how she came to work as a welder at the Commercial Iron Works shipyards in Portland. She describes the dangers of the job, talks about her job duties, and discusses the treatment women workers received in Portland, from both men and other women. She shares her feelings about working with Black people. She describes naval inspections, talks about people she worked with, and shares her feelings about the the U.S. government's incarceration of Japanese Americans. She also talks about necessary protective gear.

Chapman, Carrie

Interview with Dorothy R. Anderson [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Dorothy R. Anderson was conducted by Amy Kesselman at the U.S. Bancorp Building in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Anderson discusses her early life in Salem, and talks about jobs she worked during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as an electrician at Commercial Iron Works and at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland. She also talks about her marriage in 1940 and about her divorce in 1944. She shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards, talks about her job duties, and describes the dangers of the job. She talks about the jobs she held after the end of the war, particularly her career with the U.S. National Bank of Oregon, shares her thoughts on the women's liberation movement, and discusses her plans for retirement.

Anderson, Dorothy R. (Dorothy Rulifson), 1917-1991

Interview with Dorothy R. Anderson [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Dorothy R. Anderson was conducted by Amy Kesselman at the U.S. Bancorp Building in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Anderson discusses her early life in Salem, and talks about jobs she worked during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as an electrician at Commercial Iron Works and at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland. She also talks about her marriage in 1940 and about her divorce in 1944. She shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards, talks about her job duties, and describes the dangers of the job. She talks about the jobs she held after the end of the war, particularly her career with the U.S. National Bank of Oregon, shares her thoughts on the women's liberation movement, and discusses her plans for retirement.

Anderson, Dorothy R. (Dorothy Rulifson), 1917-1991

Interview with Etta G. Harvey [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Etta G. Harvey was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Harvey's home in Portland, Oregon, on May 28, 1981. In this interview, Harvey discusses her early life in Portland, including her first marriage to John F. Frey and early job as a waitress, then describes how she came to work as a burner at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland. She also talks about her marriage to Clarence L. Harvey in 1944. She describes her job duties, shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards, and talks about her wages. She describes the dangers of the job, as well as her own work-related injuries. She talks about her son's education, career, and family. She speaks about working as a waitress after the end of the war, and reflects on the most challenging aspects of working alongside men in the shipyard. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts on the women's liberation movement.

Harvey, Etta G., 1912-1985

Interview with Etta G. Harvey [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Etta G. Harvey was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Harvey's home in Portland, Oregon, on May 28, 1981. In this interview, Harvey discusses her early life in Portland, including her first marriage to John F. Frey and early job as a waitress, then describes how she came to work as a burner at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland. She also talks about her marriage to Clarence L. Harvey in 1944. She describes her job duties, shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards, and talks about her wages. She describes the dangers of the job, as well as her own work-related injuries. She talks about her son's education, career, and family. She speaks about working as a waitress after the end of the war, and reflects on the most challenging aspects of working alongside men in the shipyard. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts on the women's liberation movement.

Harvey, Etta G., 1912-1985

Interview with Etta G. Harvey [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Etta G. Harvey was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Harvey's home in Portland, Oregon, on May 28, 1981. In this interview, Harvey discusses her early life in Portland, including her first marriage to John F. Frey and early job as a waitress, then describes how she came to work as a burner at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland. She also talks about her marriage to Clarence L. Harvey in 1944. She describes her job duties, shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards, and talks about her wages. She describes the dangers of the job, as well as her own work-related injuries. She talks about her son's education, career, and family. She speaks about working as a waitress after the end of the war, and reflects on the most challenging aspects of working alongside men in the shipyard. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts on the women's liberation movement.

Harvey, Etta G., 1912-1985

Interview with Etta G. Harvey [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with Etta G. Harvey was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Harvey's home in Portland, Oregon, on May 28, 1981. In this interview, Harvey discusses her early life in Portland, including her first marriage to John F. Frey and early job as a waitress, then describes how she came to work as a burner at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland. She also talks about her marriage to Clarence L. Harvey in 1944. She describes her job duties, shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards, and talks about her wages. She describes the dangers of the job, as well as her own work-related injuries. She talks about her son's education, career, and family. She speaks about working as a waitress after the end of the war, and reflects on the most challenging aspects of working alongside men in the shipyard. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts on the women's liberation movement.

Harvey, Etta G., 1912-1985

Interview with Eva L. Groshong [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Eva L. Groshong was conducted by Amy Kesselman in Gresham, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Groshong discusses her early life on a farm in Goldendale, Washington, her marriage history, and her work as a fruit packer and teacher. She describes how she came to work in the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington, during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about the dangers of the job, about the people she worked with, and about her daily activities during that time. She also discusses her husband's health and her activities after the end of the war. She shares her thoughts about the women's liberation movement and about secular government.

Groshong, Eva L. (Eva Locy), 1896-1996

Interview with Eva L. Groshong [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Eva L. Groshong was conducted by Amy Kesselman in Gresham, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Groshong discusses her early life on a farm in Goldendale, Washington, her marriage history, and her work as a fruit packer and teacher. She describes how she came to work in the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington, during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about the dangers of the job, about the people she worked with, and about her daily activities during that time. She also discusses her husband's health and her activities after the end of the war. She shares her thoughts about the women's liberation movement and about secular government.

Groshong, Eva L. (Eva Locy), 1896-1996

Interview with Ida E. Matz [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Ida E. Matz was conducted by Sandra Cook at Matz's home in Portland, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Matz discusses her early life as the child of a forest ranger in Oregon and Washington, including her education and family summers camping in state forests. She talks about her education and career as a nurse at Emanuel Hospital in Portland. She also shares her experience during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a nurse at Commercial Iron Works during World War II. She talks about some of the injuries she saw in patients at the shipyards and about workplace safety there. She compares her shipyard nursing work to her other nursing jobs and shares her reasons for leaving the field of industrial nursing after 1968. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Matz, Ida E. (Ida Emma), 1920-1993

Interview with Ida E. Matz [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Ida E. Matz was conducted by Sandra Cook at Matz's home in Portland, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Matz discusses her early life as the child of a forest ranger in Oregon and Washington, including her education and family summers camping in state forests. She talks about her education and career as a nurse at Emanuel Hospital in Portland. She also shares her experience during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a nurse at Commercial Iron Works during World War II. She talks about some of the injuries she saw in patients at the shipyards and about workplace safety there. She compares her shipyard nursing work to her other nursing jobs and shares her reasons for leaving the field of industrial nursing after 1968. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Matz, Ida E. (Ida Emma), 1920-1993

Interview with Lois L. Housman [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Lois L. Housman was conducted by Madeline Moore at Housman’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Hausman speaks at length about her early life on a farm near Springfield, Missouri. She talks about her marriage to Joe Housman. She speaks at length about working at and running restaurants in Portland, Oregon. She describes how she came to work as a welder in the Kaiser shipyards in Portland during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about her training, about her friendship with Augusta Clawson, author of “Shipyard Diary of a Woman Welder,” and about a typical day in the shipyards. She discusses the dangers of the job and the protective gear she wore; shares her observations about how Black workers were treated in the shipyards; and talks about balancing her family and work. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Housman, Lois L. (Lois Lucille), 1905-1996

Interview with Lois L. Housman [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Lois L. Housman was conducted by Madeline Moore at Housman’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Hausman speaks at length about her early life on a farm near Springfield, Missouri. She talks about her marriage to Joe Housman. She speaks at length about working at and running restaurants in Portland, Oregon. She describes how she came to work as a welder in the Kaiser shipyards in Portland during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about her training, about her friendship with Augusta Clawson, author of “Shipyard Diary of a Woman Welder,” and about a typical day in the shipyards. She discusses the dangers of the job and the protective gear she wore; shares her observations about how Black workers were treated in the shipyards; and talks about balancing her family and work. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Housman, Lois L. (Lois Lucille), 1905-1996

Interview with Lois L. Housman [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Lois L. Housman was conducted by Madeline Moore at Housman’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Hausman speaks at length about her early life on a farm near Springfield, Missouri. She talks about her marriage to Joe Housman. She speaks at length about working at and running restaurants in Portland, Oregon. She describes how she came to work as a welder in the Kaiser shipyards in Portland during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about her training, about her friendship with Augusta Clawson, author of “Shipyard Diary of a Woman Welder,” and about a typical day in the shipyards. She discusses the dangers of the job and the protective gear she wore; shares her observations about how Black workers were treated in the shipyards; and talks about balancing her family and work. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Housman, Lois L. (Lois Lucille), 1905-1996

Interview with Lois L. Housman [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with Lois L. Housman was conducted by Madeline Moore at Housman’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Hausman speaks at length about her early life on a farm near Springfield, Missouri. She talks about her marriage to Joe Housman. She speaks at length about working at and running restaurants in Portland, Oregon. She describes how she came to work as a welder in the Kaiser shipyards in Portland during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about her training, about her friendship with Augusta Clawson, author of “Shipyard Diary of a Woman Welder,” and about a typical day in the shipyards. She discusses the dangers of the job and the protective gear she wore; shares her observations about how Black workers were treated in the shipyards; and talks about balancing her family and work. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Housman, Lois L. (Lois Lucille), 1905-1996

Interview with Mabel L. Hegg [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Mabel L. Hegg was conducted by Susan Feldman at Hegg’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 26, 1981. In this interview, Hegg discusses her early jobs, then describes how she came to work as a lead lady tank cleaner for Commercial Iron Works during World War II. She talks about the work of tank cleaners and about the duties of a lead lady. She discusses racism she observed in the shipyards, talks about people she worked with, and speaks about her work after the end of the war. She also talks about briefly working in a shipyard in Seattle, Washington.

Hegg, Mabel L. (Mabel Leona), 1892-1988

Interview with Mabel L. Hegg [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Mabel L. Hegg was conducted by Susan Feldman at Hegg’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 26, 1981. In this interview, Hegg discusses her early jobs, then describes how she came to work as a lead lady tank cleaner for Commercial Iron Works during World War II. She talks about the work of tank cleaners and about the duties of a lead lady. She discusses racism she observed in the shipyards, talks about people she worked with, and speaks about her work after the end of the war. She also talks about briefly working in a shipyard in Seattle, Washington.

Hegg, Mabel L. (Mabel Leona), 1892-1988

Interview with Mabel E. Studebaker [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Mabel E. Studebaker was conducted by Amy Kesselman at Studebaker's home in Vancouver, Washington, on April 15, 1981. In this interview, Studebaker discusses her early life on a farm in Rice Lake, Wisconsin, and about raising a family during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a pipefitter at the Kaiser shipyards in Vancouver during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She discusses her job duties, talks about balancing raising a family with work in the shipyards, and describes a typical day on the job. She speaks about working in canneries and baking wedding cakes after the end of the war.

Studebaker, Mabel E. (Mabel Elaine), 1911-2001

Interview with Mabel E. Studebaker [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Mabel E. Studebaker was conducted by Amy Kesselman at Studebaker's home in Vancouver, Washington, on April 15, 1981. In this interview, Studebaker discusses her early life on a farm in Rice Lake, Wisconsin, and about raising a family during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a pipefitter at the Kaiser shipyards in Vancouver during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She discusses her job duties, talks about balancing raising a family with work in the shipyards, and describes a typical day on the job. She speaks about working in canneries and baking wedding cakes after the end of the war.

Studebaker, Mabel E. (Mabel Elaine), 1911-2001

Interview with Marie Merchant [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Marie Merchant was conducted by Amy Kesselman at Merchant's home in Portland, Oregon, on July 20, 1981. In this interview, Merchant discusses her early life in Lexington, Kentucky, including her marriage history and raising a family during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a scaler and painter’s helper at Willamette Iron and Steel in Portland, Oregon, during World War II. She talks about the job duties of a scaler, about her child care arrangements, and about the work she did after the end of the war. She shares her reasons for remaining in Portland and talks about her involvement in her church.

Merchant, Marie, 1915-2005

Interview with Patricia C. Koehler [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Patricia C. Koehler was conducted by Sandra Cook at Koehler’s home in Portland, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Koehler describes how she came to work as an electrician in the Kaiser shipyards in Vancouver, Washington, during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards. She discusses the job duties of an electrician, describes a typical day in the shipyards, and talks about the protective gear she wore. She discusses her wages, the people she worked with, and the dangers of the job. She shares her experience working the graveyard shift, talks about her commute, and discusses her social life. She then talks about her college experiences at Reed College and Portland State University, and about her children, their families, and their careers.

Koehler, Patricia C. (Patricia Cain), 1925-2010

Interview with Patricia C. Koehler [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Patricia C. Koehler was conducted by Sandra Cook at Koehler’s home in Portland, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Koehler describes how she came to work as an electrician in the Kaiser shipyards in Vancouver, Washington, during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards. She discusses the job duties of an electrician, describes a typical day in the shipyards, and talks about the protective gear she wore. She discusses her wages, the people she worked with, and the dangers of the job. She shares her experience working the graveyard shift, talks about her commute, and discusses her social life. She then talks about her college experiences at Reed College and Portland State University, and about her children, their families, and their careers.

Koehler, Patricia C. (Patricia Cain), 1925-2010

Interview with Patricia L. Rowlands [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Patricia L. Rowlands was conducted by Karen Wickre at Rowlands’ home in Gresham, Oregon, on May 20, 1981. In this interview, Rowlands discusses her family background and early life in Portland, including attending high school with Connie McCready, her experience during the Depression, and her first marriage. She describes how she came to work on a clean-up crew at the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland, and shares her experiences as a woman worker in the shipyards. She talks about people she worked with, describes her job duties, and discusses the dangers of the job. She shares her experience with the Kaiser child care centers. She speaks about later working as an electrician trainee at the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She describes her typical day as a shipyard worker, then talks about her life after the end of the war, including the end of her first marriage and working at Jantzen Mills. She speaks about her children, their families, and their careers. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Rowlands, Patricia L. (Patricia Lee), 1921-2009

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