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Oral history interview with John Helmer, Jr. [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with John Helmer was conducted by Jim Strassmaier at the Oregon Historical Society in Portland, Oregon, on August 27, 1994. The interview was one of a series of brief oral histories created to accompany the Oregon Historical Society's World War II exhibit that same year. In this interview, Helmer discusses his family background, including his parents' experiences as immigrants from Sweden and the origins of his family name. He talks about his early life in the Albina and Overlook neighborhoods of Portland, Oregon, including working at his father's store, John Helmer Haberdasher; his education; and his involvement in sports. He talks briefly about working in a sawmill after high school. Helmer then speaks at length about his service as a bomber pilot in the U.S. Air Force in the Pacific Theater during World War II. He describes his training, flying missions out of Okinawa, Japan, and his experience as part of the occupation of Japan. He talks about returning to Portland after his discharge in 1946, his marriage to Beverly Carroll in 1948, and taking a trip to Europe in 1952. He also discusses his family's political beliefs. He talks about purchasing John Helmer Haberdasher in 1956, his attempts to expand the business, and how the recession of the 1980s affected the store. He discusses the difference between a large department store and a small family-run business. He talks about his children, their families, and their careers. He also describes his and Beverly Helmer's retirement activities. He closes the interview by reflecting on how his experiences in World War II affected him. Photographs of John Helmer, Jr., are included with the interview. They were taken by Jim Strassmaier at the time of the interview, both inside and outside the John Helmer Haberdasher store in Portland.

Helmer, John, Jr., 1923-2011

Oral history interview with John Helmer, Jr. [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with John Helmer was conducted by Jim Strassmaier at the Oregon Historical Society in Portland, Oregon, on August 27, 1994. The interview was one of a series of brief oral histories created to accompany the Oregon Historical Society's World War II exhibit that same year. In this interview, Helmer discusses his family background, including his parents' experiences as immigrants from Sweden and the origins of his family name. He talks about his early life in the Albina and Overlook neighborhoods of Portland, Oregon, including working at his father's store, John Helmer Haberdasher; his education; and his involvement in sports. He talks briefly about working in a sawmill after high school. Helmer then speaks at length about his service as a bomber pilot in the U.S. Air Force in the Pacific Theater during World War II. He describes his training, flying missions out of Okinawa, Japan, and his experience as part of the occupation of Japan. He talks about returning to Portland after his discharge in 1946, his marriage to Beverly Carroll in 1948, and taking a trip to Europe in 1952. He also discusses his family's political beliefs. He talks about purchasing John Helmer Haberdasher in 1956, his attempts to expand the business, and how the recession of the 1980s affected the store. He discusses the difference between a large department store and a small family-run business. He talks about his children, their families, and their careers. He also describes his and Beverly Helmer's retirement activities. He closes the interview by reflecting on how his experiences in World War II affected him. Photographs of John Helmer, Jr., are included with the interview. They were taken by Jim Strassmaier at the time of the interview, both inside and outside the John Helmer Haberdasher store in Portland.

Helmer, John, Jr., 1923-2011

Oral history interview with John Helmer, Jr. [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with John Helmer was conducted by Jim Strassmaier at the Oregon Historical Society in Portland, Oregon, on August 27, 1994. The interview was one of a series of brief oral histories created to accompany the Oregon Historical Society's World War II exhibit that same year. In this interview, Helmer discusses his family background, including his parents' experiences as immigrants from Sweden and the origins of his family name. He talks about his early life in the Albina and Overlook neighborhoods of Portland, Oregon, including working at his father's store, John Helmer Haberdasher; his education; and his involvement in sports. He talks briefly about working in a sawmill after high school. Helmer then speaks at length about his service as a bomber pilot in the U.S. Air Force in the Pacific Theater during World War II. He describes his training, flying missions out of Okinawa, Japan, and his experience as part of the occupation of Japan. He talks about returning to Portland after his discharge in 1946, his marriage to Beverly Carroll in 1948, and taking a trip to Europe in 1952. He also discusses his family's political beliefs. He talks about purchasing John Helmer Haberdasher in 1956, his attempts to expand the business, and how the recession of the 1980s affected the store. He discusses the difference between a large department store and a small family-run business. He talks about his children, their families, and their careers. He also describes his and Beverly Helmer's retirement activities. He closes the interview by reflecting on how his experiences in World War II affected him. Photographs of John Helmer, Jr., are included with the interview. They were taken by Jim Strassmaier at the time of the interview, both inside and outside the John Helmer Haberdasher store in Portland.

Helmer, John, Jr., 1923-2011

Oral history interview with John Helmer, Jr. [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with John Helmer was conducted by Jim Strassmaier at the Oregon Historical Society in Portland, Oregon, on August 27, 1994. The interview was one of a series of brief oral histories created to accompany the Oregon Historical Society's World War II exhibit that same year. In this interview, Helmer discusses his family background, including his parents' experiences as immigrants from Sweden and the origins of his family name. He talks about his early life in the Albina and Overlook neighborhoods of Portland, Oregon, including working at his father's store, John Helmer Haberdasher; his education; and his involvement in sports. He talks briefly about working in a sawmill after high school. Helmer then speaks at length about his service as a bomber pilot in the U.S. Air Force in the Pacific Theater during World War II. He describes his training, flying missions out of Okinawa, Japan, and his experience as part of the occupation of Japan. He talks about returning to Portland after his discharge in 1946, his marriage to Beverly Carroll in 1948, and taking a trip to Europe in 1952. He also discusses his family's political beliefs. He talks about purchasing John Helmer Haberdasher in 1956, his attempts to expand the business, and how the recession of the 1980s affected the store. He discusses the difference between a large department store and a small family-run business. He talks about his children, their families, and their careers. He also describes his and Beverly Helmer's retirement activities. He closes the interview by reflecting on how his experiences in World War II affected him. Photographs of John Helmer, Jr., are included with the interview. They were taken by Jim Strassmaier at the time of the interview, both inside and outside the John Helmer Haberdasher store in Portland.

Helmer, John, Jr., 1923-2011

Oral history interview with Richard F. Berg [Session 01, Recording 03 & Session 02, Recording 01]

Tape 2, Side 1. In the first interview session, conducted on August 2, 1996, Berg discusses his family background and talks about how his family influenced his spirituality. He discusses his early life in Portland, Oregon, and speaks about his sisters, their families, and their careers. He also shares his childhood experiences during World War II while his father worked as chief surgeon at a military hospital at Fort Ord, California. He speaks about his decision to go to seminary and shares his experiences at the seminary at Notre Dame University. He also talks about fundraising for the March of Dimes as a teenager and about what the experience taught him about generosity. He then discusses a trip to Guatemala after he became a priest and talks about his work in Texas with youth struggling with drug addiction.

In the second interview session, conducted on August 3, 1996, Berg further discusses his early life in Portland and talks about his relationship with Catholicism during his youth, including in his schooling and at home. He shares his thoughts about the inclusivity of the Catholic Church. He talks about his service as pastor for the St. Andre Parish, also known as the Downtown Chapel, and speaks at length about his work with people experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder, drug addiction, and homelessness. He talks about his involvement with the Northwest Neighborhood Association and about life in the neighborhood. He speaks about his experience during a trip to Japan in 1987.

Berg, Richard F.

Oral history interview with Don E. Clark [Session 28, Recording 03 & Session 29, Recording 01]

Tape 42, Side 1. In the twenty-eighth interview session, conducted on February 20, 1998, Clark continues discussing serving as executive director of the Housing Authority of Portland. He talks about people he hired, the differences between the Housing Authority and Central City Concern, and Mayor Bud Clark’s 12-point plan for Portland’s unhoused population. He describes the funding structure of the Housing Authority and the services it provided. He talks about gang and drug activity at Columbia Villa and describes how the Housing Authority responded, including people he hired. In the twenty-ninth and final interview session, conducted on March 27, 1998, Clark continues to discuss serving as executive director of the Housing Authority of Portland. He continues talking about gang and drug activity at Columbia Villa and describes how the Housing Authority responded, including establishing a law enforcement presence in the neighborhood, radically changing the nature of the policing methods used, and increasing maintenance of the buildings. He talks about the positive long-term effects of the Housing Authority’s response. He closes the interview by discussing his reasons for retiring in 1992.

Clark, Don E. (Donald Edward), 1933-

Oral history interview with Daniel J. Evans [Session 01, Recording 05 & Session 02, Recording 01]

Tape 3, Side 1. In the first interview session, conducted on February 29, 2000, Evans discusses his family background and early life in Seattle, Washington, including his involvement in the Boy Scouts, and his education. He talks about his service in the U.S. Navy during World War II and the Korean War, and about his marriage to Nancy Bell. He speaks about his service in the Washington State House of Representatives from 1957 to 1965. He talks about some of his fellow legislators, and about some of the legislation he worked on, particularly regarding electrical utilities. He discusses his 1964 campaign for Washington governor, and talks about serving as governor from 1965 to 1977. He speaks about energy issues in the state during the 1970s, particularly focusing on the Washington Public Power Supply System and attempts to create a Columbia Valley Authority. He also discusses serving as president for The Evergreen State College in Olympia.

In the second interview session, conducted on March 1, 2000, Evans discusses his role in passing several pieces of environmental protection legislation in Washington, and talks about the passage of the 1980 Northwest Power Act. He talks about representing Washington on the Northwest Power Planning Council from 1981 to 1983 and acting as its first chair. He describes the first council meeting, talks about the other first members and staff, and speaks at length about his work on the first fish and wildlife plan. He talks about working with Native American tribes on the fish plan, particularly with Tim Wapato of the Yakama. He then discusses his work on the first power and conservation plan, and talks about opposition to both plans. He briefly speaks about serving in the U.S. Senate from 1983 to 1989. He closes the interview by talking about the activities of the NWPPC since his departure.

Evans, Daniel J., 1925-

Oral history interview with Jim W. Litchfield [Session 01, Recording 05 & Session 02, Recording 01]

Tape 3, Side 1. In the first interview session, conducted on September 21, 2000, Litchfield discusses his family background and early life in Yakima, Washington, including his education at Yakima Valley College. He talks about his experience studying engineering at the University of Washington and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, then speaks at length about his work as a consultant with Battelle in the 1970s, including his work on decommissioning the Hanford Nuclear Power Plant. He discusses his service as power planning director for the Northwest Power Planning Council from 1981 to 1992. He talks about his work on the first power and conservation plan; the people he worked with, particularly Dan Evans; and the early organizational structure of the council. He also talks about the council’s relationship with the Bonneville Power Administration and other electric utilities, about the financial troubles of the Washington Public Power Supply System, and about the council’s first fish and wildlife plan.

In the second interview session, conducted on September 22, 2000, Litchfield continues to discuss his service as power planning director for the NWPPC. He talks about the implementation of and opposition to the council’s Model Conservation Standards, discusses how the power surplus of the 1980s affected the council’s work, and shares his reasons for leaving the council in 1992. He also revisits the topic of the financial troubles of the Washington Public Power Supply System. He talks about his work as a consultant after leaving the council, particularly on the Snake River Recovery Team, about his observations of how the council’s work was affected by the changing state politics of the 1990s, and about the controversy surrounding proposals to remove the Snake River dams. He closes the interview by discussing deregulation of electric utilities.

Litchfield, Jim W. (James William), 1948-

Oral history interview with Frodo Okulam [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Frodo Okulam was conducted by Brisa Peters at the offices of SisterSpirit in Portland, Oregon, on November 2, 2000. Peters conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. The interview transcript includes a written introduction by Peters, as well as a copy of Okulam's curriculum vitae. In this interview, Okulam discusses her early life in Southwest Portland, her living situation at the time of the interview in 2000, and the origins of her name. She discusses her gender identity as a child and her experience as a lesbian when she was a teenager in the 1960s. She speaks about what "The Lord of the Rings" meant to her and describes how the story saved her life and influenced her spirituality. She discusses her early relationships and her family's reaction to her sexuality. She talks about her experience at Portland State University, including her involvement with the Women's Union. She describes the social life for lesbians in Portland, including bars and coffee shops that she frequented. She talks about practicing Wicca and describes participating in a ceremony during the 1980 solar eclipse. She describes her polyamorous relationship at the time of the interview in 2000, and speaks at length about her involvement in SisterSpirit and the Metropolitan Community Church. She discusses her book, "The Julian Mystique," and closes the interview by talking about teaching women's spirituality at Portland State University, and about some of her activism.

Okulam, Frodo

Oral history interview with Frodo Okulam [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Frodo Okulam was conducted by Brisa Peters at the offices of SisterSpirit in Portland, Oregon, on November 2, 2000. Peters conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. The interview transcript includes a written introduction by Peters, as well as a copy of Okulam's curriculum vitae. In this interview, Okulam discusses her early life in Southwest Portland, her living situation at the time of the interview in 2000, and the origins of her name. She discusses her gender identity as a child and her experience as a lesbian when she was a teenager in the 1960s. She speaks about what "The Lord of the Rings" meant to her and describes how the story saved her life and influenced her spirituality. She discusses her early relationships and her family's reaction to her sexuality. She talks about her experience at Portland State University, including her involvement with the Women's Union. She describes the social life for lesbians in Portland, including bars and coffee shops that she frequented. She talks about practicing Wicca and describes participating in a ceremony during the 1980 solar eclipse. She describes her polyamorous relationship at the time of the interview in 2000, and speaks at length about her involvement in SisterSpirit and the Metropolitan Community Church. She discusses her book, "The Julian Mystique," and closes the interview by talking about teaching women's spirituality at Portland State University, and about some of her activism.

Okulam, Frodo

Oral history interview with Frodo Okulam [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with Frodo Okulam was conducted by Brisa Peters at the offices of SisterSpirit in Portland, Oregon, on November 2, 2000. Peters conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. The interview transcript includes a written introduction by Peters, as well as a copy of Okulam's curriculum vitae. In this interview, Okulam discusses her early life in Southwest Portland, her living situation at the time of the interview in 2000, and the origins of her name. She discusses her gender identity as a child and her experience as a lesbian when she was a teenager in the 1960s. She speaks about what "The Lord of the Rings" meant to her and describes how the story saved her life and influenced her spirituality. She discusses her early relationships and her family's reaction to her sexuality. She talks about her experience at Portland State University, including her involvement with the Women's Union. She describes the social life for lesbians in Portland, including bars and coffee shops that she frequented. She talks about practicing Wicca and describes participating in a ceremony during the 1980 solar eclipse. She describes her polyamorous relationship at the time of the interview in 2000, and speaks at length about her involvement in SisterSpirit and the Metropolitan Community Church. She discusses her book, "The Julian Mystique," and closes the interview by talking about teaching women's spirituality at Portland State University, and about some of her activism.

Okulam, Frodo

Oral history interview with Frodo Okulam [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Frodo Okulam was conducted by Brisa Peters at the offices of SisterSpirit in Portland, Oregon, on November 2, 2000. Peters conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. The interview transcript includes a written introduction by Peters, as well as a copy of Okulam's curriculum vitae. In this interview, Okulam discusses her early life in Southwest Portland, her living situation at the time of the interview in 2000, and the origins of her name. She discusses her gender identity as a child and her experience as a lesbian when she was a teenager in the 1960s. She speaks about what "The Lord of the Rings" meant to her and describes how the story saved her life and influenced her spirituality. She discusses her early relationships and her family's reaction to her sexuality. She talks about her experience at Portland State University, including her involvement with the Women's Union. She describes the social life for lesbians in Portland, including bars and coffee shops that she frequented. She talks about practicing Wicca and describes participating in a ceremony during the 1980 solar eclipse. She describes her polyamorous relationship at the time of the interview in 2000, and speaks at length about her involvement in SisterSpirit and the Metropolitan Community Church. She discusses her book, "The Julian Mystique," and closes the interview by talking about teaching women's spirituality at Portland State University, and about some of her activism.

Okulam, Frodo

Oral history interview with Susie Shepherd [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Susie Shepherd was conducted by Erin Sexton and Jamie Walton on November 4, 2000. Sexton and Walton conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. Several of Shepherd's pets were also present and occasionally interrupted the interview. In this interview, Shepherd discusses her identity as a gay woman. She talks about working with Jerry Weller on the Portland Town Council; about her experiences at Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri, and at Portland State University; and about her life as a lesbian in the 1970s. She speaks at length about coming out to her parents. She then speaks about her activism for gay rights with the Portland Town Council during the 1970s, and talks about some of the people she worked with, politicians they lobbied, and some of the opposition they faced. She also describes coming out on the television show "Town Hall." She discusses her abuse of alcohol in the late 1970s, describes how it affected her life and relationships, and talks about her recovery through Alcoholics Anonymous. She talks about her involvement in the Leather community, including winning the title of International Ms. Leather in 1989, and winning the title of International Master and Slaver with her partner, K.T. Chase, in 1992. She also describes how she parlayed those titles to further her activism for gay rights. She closes the interview by discussing her management of the Bill and Ann Shepherd Legal Scholarship.

Shepherd, Susie (Susan Mary), 1949-

Oral history interview with Susie Shepherd [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with Susie Shepherd was conducted by Erin Sexton and Jamie Walton on November 4, 2000. Sexton and Walton conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. Several of Shepherd's pets were also present and occasionally interrupted the interview. In this interview, Shepherd discusses her identity as a gay woman. She talks about working with Jerry Weller on the Portland Town Council; about her experiences at Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri, and at Portland State University; and about her life as a lesbian in the 1970s. She speaks at length about coming out to her parents. She then speaks about her activism for gay rights with the Portland Town Council during the 1970s, and talks about some of the people she worked with, politicians they lobbied, and some of the opposition they faced. She also describes coming out on the television show "Town Hall." She discusses her abuse of alcohol in the late 1970s, describes how it affected her life and relationships, and talks about her recovery through Alcoholics Anonymous. She talks about her involvement in the Leather community, including winning the title of International Ms. Leather in 1989, and winning the title of International Master and Slaver with her partner, K.T. Chase, in 1992. She also describes how she parlayed those titles to further her activism for gay rights. She closes the interview by discussing her management of the Bill and Ann Shepherd Legal Scholarship.

Shepherd, Susie (Susan Mary), 1949-

Oral history interview with Susie Shepherd [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Susie Shepherd was conducted by Erin Sexton and Jamie Walton on November 4, 2000. Sexton and Walton conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. Several of Shepherd's pets were also present and occasionally interrupted the interview. In this interview, Shepherd discusses her identity as a gay woman. She talks about working with Jerry Weller on the Portland Town Council; about her experiences at Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri, and at Portland State University; and about her life as a lesbian in the 1970s. She speaks at length about coming out to her parents. She then speaks about her activism for gay rights with the Portland Town Council during the 1970s, and talks about some of the people she worked with, politicians they lobbied, and some of the opposition they faced. She also describes coming out on the television show "Town Hall." She discusses her abuse of alcohol in the late 1970s, describes how it affected her life and relationships, and talks about her recovery through Alcoholics Anonymous. She talks about her involvement in the Leather community, including winning the title of International Ms. Leather in 1989, and winning the title of International Master and Slaver with her partner, K.T. Chase, in 1992. She also describes how she parlayed those titles to further her activism for gay rights. She closes the interview by discussing her management of the Bill and Ann Shepherd Legal Scholarship.

Shepherd, Susie (Susan Mary), 1949-

Oral history interview with Susie Shepherd [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Susie Shepherd was conducted by Erin Sexton and Jamie Walton on November 4, 2000. Sexton and Walton conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. Several of Shepherd's pets were also present and occasionally interrupted the interview. In this interview, Shepherd discusses her identity as a gay woman. She talks about working with Jerry Weller on the Portland Town Council; about her experiences at Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri, and at Portland State University; and about her life as a lesbian in the 1970s. She speaks at length about coming out to her parents. She then speaks about her activism for gay rights with the Portland Town Council during the 1970s, and talks about some of the people she worked with, politicians they lobbied, and some of the opposition they faced. She also describes coming out on the television show "Town Hall." She discusses her abuse of alcohol in the late 1970s, describes how it affected her life and relationships, and talks about her recovery through Alcoholics Anonymous. She talks about her involvement in the Leather community, including winning the title of International Ms. Leather in 1989, and winning the title of International Master and Slaver with her partner, K.T. Chase, in 1992. She also describes how she parlayed those titles to further her activism for gay rights. She closes the interview by discussing her management of the Bill and Ann Shepherd Legal Scholarship.

Shepherd, Susie (Susan Mary), 1949-

Oral history interview with Susie Shepherd [Sound Recording 06]

Tape 3, Side 2. This oral history interview with Susie Shepherd was conducted by Erin Sexton and Jamie Walton on November 4, 2000. Sexton and Walton conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. Several of Shepherd's pets were also present and occasionally interrupted the interview. In this interview, Shepherd discusses her identity as a gay woman. She talks about working with Jerry Weller on the Portland Town Council; about her experiences at Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri, and at Portland State University; and about her life as a lesbian in the 1970s. She speaks at length about coming out to her parents. She then speaks about her activism for gay rights with the Portland Town Council during the 1970s, and talks about some of the people she worked with, politicians they lobbied, and some of the opposition they faced. She also describes coming out on the television show "Town Hall." She discusses her abuse of alcohol in the late 1970s, describes how it affected her life and relationships, and talks about her recovery through Alcoholics Anonymous. She talks about her involvement in the Leather community, including winning the title of International Ms. Leather in 1989, and winning the title of International Master and Slaver with her partner, K.T. Chase, in 1992. She also describes how she parlayed those titles to further her activism for gay rights. She closes the interview by discussing her management of the Bill and Ann Shepherd Legal Scholarship.

Shepherd, Susie (Susan Mary), 1949-

Oral history interview with Susie Shepherd [Sound Recording 05]

Tape 3, Side 1. This oral history interview with Susie Shepherd was conducted by Erin Sexton and Jamie Walton on November 4, 2000. Sexton and Walton conducted the interview for the Gay and Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest as part of Professor Ann Mussey's senior capstone class on LGBTQ history at Portland State University. Several of Shepherd's pets were also present and occasionally interrupted the interview. In this interview, Shepherd discusses her identity as a gay woman. She talks about working with Jerry Weller on the Portland Town Council; about her experiences at Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri, and at Portland State University; and about her life as a lesbian in the 1970s. She speaks at length about coming out to her parents. She then speaks about her activism for gay rights with the Portland Town Council during the 1970s, and talks about some of the people she worked with, politicians they lobbied, and some of the opposition they faced. She also describes coming out on the television show "Town Hall." She discusses her abuse of alcohol in the late 1970s, describes how it affected her life and relationships, and talks about her recovery through Alcoholics Anonymous. She talks about her involvement in the Leather community, including winning the title of International Ms. Leather in 1989, and winning the title of International Master and Slaver with her partner, K.T. Chase, in 1992. She also describes how she parlayed those titles to further her activism for gay rights. She closes the interview by discussing her management of the Bill and Ann Shepherd Legal Scholarship.

Shepherd, Susie (Susan Mary), 1949-

Oral history interview with John N. Etchart [Session 01, Recording 05]

Tape 3, Side 1. In the first interview session, conducted in Bend, Oregon, on August 8, 2002, Etchart discusses his family background and early life on a ranch in northeastern Montana, including his education, his family's political beliefs, and his involvement in athletics. He talks about his experiences at Carroll College in Helena, Montana, and then describes his experiences in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War. He also talks about studying law at the University of San Francisco, about pursuing a career in education and counseling, and about his marriage to Sarah Fortune Russell. He speaks about serving as the inland states coordinator for the Northern Tier Pipeline, and about his brief service as an under-secretary of the Department of Interior. He then discusses his work as a vice president of the Burlington Northern Railroad. He talks about the election of Montana Governor Marc Racicot, then speaks at length about becoming a council member from Montana on the Northwest Power Planning Council in 1993. He shares his thoughts about the council's activities in the 1980s, particularly regarding the failure of the Washington Public Power Supply System, and talks about his fellow council members.

Etchart, John N. (John Newton), 1945-2017

Oral history interview with John N. Etchart [Session 01, Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In the first interview session, conducted in Bend, Oregon, on August 8, 2002, Etchart discusses his family background and early life on a ranch in northeastern Montana, including his education, his family's political beliefs, and his involvement in athletics. He talks about his experiences at Carroll College in Helena, Montana, and then describes his experiences in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War. He also talks about studying law at the University of San Francisco, about pursuing a career in education and counseling, and about his marriage to Sarah Fortune Russell. He speaks about serving as the inland states coordinator for the Northern Tier Pipeline, and about his brief service as an under-secretary of the Department of Interior. He then discusses his work as a vice president of the Burlington Northern Railroad. He talks about the election of Montana Governor Marc Racicot, then speaks at length about becoming a council member from Montana on the Northwest Power Planning Council in 1993. He shares his thoughts about the council's activities in the 1980s, particularly regarding the failure of the Washington Public Power Supply System, and talks about his fellow council members.

Etchart, John N. (John Newton), 1945-2017

Oral history interview with John N. Etchart [Session 01, Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. In the first interview session, conducted in Bend, Oregon, on August 8, 2002, Etchart discusses his family background and early life on a ranch in northeastern Montana, including his education, his family's political beliefs, and his involvement in athletics. He talks about his experiences at Carroll College in Helena, Montana, and then describes his experiences in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War. He also talks about studying law at the University of San Francisco, about pursuing a career in education and counseling, and about his marriage to Sarah Fortune Russell. He speaks about serving as the inland states coordinator for the Northern Tier Pipeline, and about his brief service as an under-secretary of the Department of Interior. He then discusses his work as a vice president of the Burlington Northern Railroad. He talks about the election of Montana Governor Marc Racicot, then speaks at length about becoming a council member from Montana on the Northwest Power Planning Council in 1993. He shares his thoughts about the council's activities in the 1980s, particularly regarding the failure of the Washington Public Power Supply System, and talks about his fellow council members.

Etchart, John N. (John Newton), 1945-2017

Oral history interview with John N. Etchart [Session 01, Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. In the first interview session, conducted in Bend, Oregon, on August 8, 2002, Etchart discusses his family background and early life on a ranch in northeastern Montana, including his education, his family's political beliefs, and his involvement in athletics. He talks about his experiences at Carroll College in Helena, Montana, and then describes his experiences in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War. He also talks about studying law at the University of San Francisco, about pursuing a career in education and counseling, and about his marriage to Sarah Fortune Russell. He speaks about serving as the inland states coordinator for the Northern Tier Pipeline, and about his brief service as an under-secretary of the Department of Interior. He then discusses his work as a vice president of the Burlington Northern Railroad. He talks about the election of Montana Governor Marc Racicot, then speaks at length about becoming a council member from Montana on the Northwest Power Planning Council in 1993. He shares his thoughts about the council's activities in the 1980s, particularly regarding the failure of the Washington Public Power Supply System, and talks about his fellow council members.

Etchart, John N. (John Newton), 1945-2017

Oral history interview with John N. Etchart [Session 01, Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In the first interview session, conducted in Bend, Oregon, on August 8, 2002, Etchart discusses his family background and early life on a ranch in northeastern Montana, including his education, his family's political beliefs, and his involvement in athletics. He talks about his experiences at Carroll College in Helena, Montana, and then describes his experiences in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War. He also talks about studying law at the University of San Francisco, about pursuing a career in education and counseling, and about his marriage to Sarah Fortune Russell. He speaks about serving as the inland states coordinator for the Northern Tier Pipeline, and about his brief service as an under-secretary of the Department of Interior. He then discusses his work as a vice president of the Burlington Northern Railroad. He talks about the election of Montana Governor Marc Racicot, then speaks at length about becoming a council member from Montana on the Northwest Power Planning Council in 1993. He shares his thoughts about the council's activities in the 1980s, particularly regarding the failure of the Washington Public Power Supply System, and talks about his fellow council members.

Etchart, John N. (John Newton), 1945-2017

Oh What a Night! Conversations about Women, the 1970s, and Politics [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This collection consists of an audio recording and transcript of a panel discussion titled "Oh What a Night! Conversations about Women, the 1970s, and Politics." The discussion was moderated by Melody Rose at the Oregon Historical Society in Portland, Oregon, on March 18, 2004. The four participants were Gretchen Kafoury, Vera Katz, Norma Paulus, and Betty Roberts. Introductory remarks were made by John Pierce. In the panel discussion, Rose begins by describing the topics that the panel will cover, giving instructions for audience to ask their questions, and introducing the four speakers. Kafoury, Katz, Paulus and Roberts discuss why they entered politics, talk about meeting each other as fellow legislators during the 1973 legislative session, and describe the political climate for women's rights in Oregon and the United States at that time. They talk about their support for the Equal Rights Amendment. They describe legislation they worked on regarding women's rights, reproductive rights, and rights for LGBTQ people. They discuss their strategies for getting their legislation passed and the formation of the Women's Caucus. They discuss work still undone that they feel future women legislators should focus on, and warn that their own accomplishments will need to be safeguarded by future generations. They close the panel with advice for women aspiring to enter politics. Rose then asks Kafoury, Katz, Paulus, and Roberts selected questions from the audience. They answer questions about the definition of feminism, about the role Black women politicians played in passing women's rights legislation, about Oregon's leadership on numerous progressive issues, and about the personal costs they paid for their legislative work. They also answer questions about the role Oregon Governor Tom McCall played, as well as women in the U.S. Congress; about the failure of the national Equal Rights Amendment; and about U.S. health care policy. The final question answered is about the books that Kafoury, Katz, Paulus, and Roberts are currently reading.

Roberts, Betty, 1923-2011

Oh What a Night! Conversations about Women, the 1970s, and Politics [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This collection consists of an audio recording and transcript of a panel discussion titled "Oh What a Night! Conversations about Women, the 1970s, and Politics." The discussion was moderated by Melody Rose at the Oregon Historical Society in Portland, Oregon, on March 18, 2004. The four participants were Gretchen Kafoury, Vera Katz, Norma Paulus, and Betty Roberts. Introductory remarks were made by John Pierce. In the panel discussion, Rose begins by describing the topics that the panel will cover, giving instructions for audience to ask their questions, and introducing the four speakers. Kafoury, Katz, Paulus and Roberts discuss why they entered politics, talk about meeting each other as fellow legislators during the 1973 legislative session, and describe the political climate for women's rights in Oregon and the United States at that time. They talk about their support for the Equal Rights Amendment. They describe legislation they worked on regarding women's rights, reproductive rights, and rights for LGBTQ people. They discuss their strategies for getting their legislation passed and the formation of the Women's Caucus. They discuss work still undone that they feel future women legislators should focus on, and warn that their own accomplishments will need to be safeguarded by future generations. They close the panel with advice for women aspiring to enter politics. Rose then asks Kafoury, Katz, Paulus, and Roberts selected questions from the audience. They answer questions about the definition of feminism, about the role Black women politicians played in passing women's rights legislation, about Oregon's leadership on numerous progressive issues, and about the personal costs they paid for their legislative work. They also answer questions about the role Oregon Governor Tom McCall played, as well as women in the U.S. Congress; about the failure of the national Equal Rights Amendment; and about U.S. health care policy. The final question answered is about the books that Kafoury, Katz, Paulus, and Roberts are currently reading.

Roberts, Betty, 1923-2011

Oh What a Night! Conversations about Women, the 1970s, and Politics [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This collection consists of an audio recording and transcript of a panel discussion titled "Oh What a Night! Conversations about Women, the 1970s, and Politics." The discussion was moderated by Melody Rose at the Oregon Historical Society in Portland, Oregon, on March 18, 2004. The four participants were Gretchen Kafoury, Vera Katz, Norma Paulus, and Betty Roberts. Introductory remarks were made by John Pierce. In the panel discussion, Rose begins by describing the topics that the panel will cover, giving instructions for audience to ask their questions, and introducing the four speakers. Kafoury, Katz, Paulus and Roberts discuss why they entered politics, talk about meeting each other as fellow legislators during the 1973 legislative session, and describe the political climate for women's rights in Oregon and the United States at that time. They talk about their support for the Equal Rights Amendment. They describe legislation they worked on regarding women's rights, reproductive rights, and rights for LGBTQ people. They discuss their strategies for getting their legislation passed and the formation of the Women's Caucus. They discuss work still undone that they feel future women legislators should focus on, and warn that their own accomplishments will need to be safeguarded by future generations. They close the panel with advice for women aspiring to enter politics. Rose then asks Kafoury, Katz, Paulus, and Roberts selected questions from the audience. They answer questions about the definition of feminism, about the role Black women politicians played in passing women's rights legislation, about Oregon's leadership on numerous progressive issues, and about the personal costs they paid for their legislative work. They also answer questions about the role Oregon Governor Tom McCall played, as well as women in the U.S. Congress; about the failure of the national Equal Rights Amendment; and about U.S. health care policy. The final question answered is about the books that Kafoury, Katz, Paulus, and Roberts are currently reading.

Roberts, Betty, 1923-2011

Oh What a Night! Conversations about Women, the 1970s, and Politics [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This collection consists of an audio recording and transcript of a panel discussion titled "Oh What a Night! Conversations about Women, the 1970s, and Politics." The discussion was moderated by Melody Rose at the Oregon Historical Society in Portland, Oregon, on March 18, 2004. The four participants were Gretchen Kafoury, Vera Katz, Norma Paulus, and Betty Roberts. Introductory remarks were made by John Pierce. In the panel discussion, Rose begins by describing the topics that the panel will cover, giving instructions for audience to ask their questions, and introducing the four speakers. Kafoury, Katz, Paulus and Roberts discuss why they entered politics, talk about meeting each other as fellow legislators during the 1973 legislative session, and describe the political climate for women's rights in Oregon and the United States at that time. They talk about their support for the Equal Rights Amendment. They describe legislation they worked on regarding women's rights, reproductive rights, and rights for LGBTQ people. They discuss their strategies for getting their legislation passed and the formation of the Women's Caucus. They discuss work still undone that they feel future women legislators should focus on, and warn that their own accomplishments will need to be safeguarded by future generations. They close the panel with advice for women aspiring to enter politics. Rose then asks Kafoury, Katz, Paulus, and Roberts selected questions from the audience. They answer questions about the definition of feminism, about the role Black women politicians played in passing women's rights legislation, about Oregon's leadership on numerous progressive issues, and about the personal costs they paid for their legislative work. They also answer questions about the role Oregon Governor Tom McCall played, as well as women in the U.S. Congress; about the failure of the national Equal Rights Amendment; and about U.S. health care policy. The final question answered is about the books that Kafoury, Katz, Paulus, and Roberts are currently reading.

Roberts, Betty, 1923-2011

Oral history interview with John N. Etchart [Session 02, Recording 01]

Tape 4, Side 1. In the second interview session, conducted over the telephone on May 26, 2004, Etchart shares his reasons for voting against the NWPPC's 1994 fish and wildlife plan, talks about how the council changed after the 1994 elections, and speaks at length about the controversy surrounding the departure of Executive Director Ed Sheets. He closes the interview by discussing his work as council chair from 1995 to 2000.

Etchart, John N. (John Newton), 1945-2017

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