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Interview with Kay Blair [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Kay Blair was conducted by Madeline Moore on April 26, 1980. Blair’s daughter, Nancy K. Blair, was also present. In this interview, Blair discusses her experience working as an electrician in the Kaiser shipyard on Swan Island. She talks about her commute, about balancing home life and her career, and shares instances of sexual harassment she experienced from her male coworkers. She describes working with asbestos and other health hazards of the job. She also talks about race and sex segregation that she observed. She describes a typical work day, talks about her training, and shares her reasons for seeking work as an electrician. She also talks about the Kaiser child service centers. She discusses her reasons for leaving the shipyards and talks about her life after the war. She also talks about her membership in the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) and describes her working and living conditions. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts about the women’s movement and feminism. Incomplete transcript available (13 pages).

Blair, Kay (Kathryn Johnson), 1920-1992

Interview with Laura Fortier (Interview 6) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Laura Fortier describes working as a truck driver for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She describes driving in bad weather, particularly describing driving in thick fog. She talks about her duties and responsibilities as a driver, about people she worked with, and about instances of unfair treatment. She closes the interview by discussing her activities since leaving the shipyards in 1944, and talking about her early life in Oklahoma.

Fortier, Laura, 1899?-

Interview with Laura Fortier (Interview 6) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Laura Fortier describes working as a truck driver for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She describes driving in bad weather, particularly describing driving in thick fog. She talks about her duties and responsibilities as a driver, about people she worked with, and about instances of unfair treatment. She closes the interview by discussing her activities since leaving the shipyards in 1944, and talking about her early life in Oklahoma.

Fortier, Laura, 1899?-

Interview with Leah V. Hahn (Interview 16) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Leah V. Hahn discusses working as a welder and a burner in the Kaiser shipyards. She talks about the training she received and about the dangers of the job. She also speaks about her son, Rick Hahn, and his career; shares her memories of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's visit to the Kaiser shipyards; and talks about working for the American Canning Company during the Depression. She closes the interview by talking about her life after the war.

Hahn, Leah V. (Leah Vogel), 1916-2019

Interview with Leah V. Hahn (Interview 16) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Leah V. Hahn discusses working as a welder and a burner in the Kaiser shipyards. She talks about the training she received and about the dangers of the job. She also speaks about her son, Rick Hahn, and his career; shares her memories of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's visit to the Kaiser shipyards; and talks about working for the American Canning Company during the Depression. She closes the interview by talking about her life after the war.

Hahn, Leah V. (Leah Vogel), 1916-2019

Interview with Leona E. Ellis [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Leona E. Ellis was conducted by Sandy Polishuk in Portland, Oregon, on May 15, 1981. In this interview, Ellis discusses her family background and early life in Portland. She discusses working as a marine machinist for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She describes her job duties, talks about her experiences as one of the first women in the shipyards, and speaks about some of the people she worked with. She talks about her wages, about her life after the war, and about attending business college. She speaks about her social life during the war, about the dangers of the job, and about her membership in unions. She talks about the treatment she received from her male coworkers, shares her observations of the treatment of Black shipyard workers, and describes the launch of the last Liberty ship. She shares several anecdotes about her time in the shipyards, particularly regarding her experiences as a woman. She closes the interview by looking at photographs and other documents, and talking about them. Incomplete transcript available (10 pages).

Ellis, Loena E. (Leona Elizabeth), 1915-2000

Interview with Leona E. Ellis [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Leona E. Ellis was conducted by Sandy Polishuk in Portland, Oregon, on May 15, 1981. In this interview, Ellis discusses her family background and early life in Portland. She discusses working as a marine machinist for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She describes her job duties, talks about her experiences as one of the first women in the shipyards, and speaks about some of the people she worked with. She talks about her wages, about her life after the war, and about attending business college. She speaks about her social life during the war, about the dangers of the job, and about her membership in unions. She talks about the treatment she received from her male coworkers, shares her observations of the treatment of Black shipyard workers, and describes the launch of the last Liberty ship. She shares several anecdotes about her time in the shipyards, particularly regarding her experiences as a woman. She closes the interview by looking at photographs and other documents, and talking about them. Incomplete transcript available (10 pages).

Ellis, Loena E. (Leona Elizabeth), 1915-2000

Interview with Leona E. Ellis [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Leona E. Ellis was conducted by Sandy Polishuk in Portland, Oregon, on May 15, 1981. In this interview, Ellis discusses her family background and early life in Portland. She discusses working as a marine machinist for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She describes her job duties, talks about her experiences as one of the first women in the shipyards, and speaks about some of the people she worked with. She talks about her wages, about her life after the war, and about attending business college. She speaks about her social life during the war, about the dangers of the job, and about her membership in unions. She talks about the treatment she received from her male coworkers, shares her observations of the treatment of Black shipyard workers, and describes the launch of the last Liberty ship. She shares several anecdotes about her time in the shipyards, particularly regarding her experiences as a woman. She closes the interview by looking at photographs and other documents, and talking about them. Incomplete transcript available (10 pages).

Ellis, Loena E. (Leona Elizabeth), 1915-2000

Interview with Leona E. Ellis [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with Leona E. Ellis was conducted by Sandy Polishuk in Portland, Oregon, on May 15, 1981. In this interview, Ellis discusses her family background and early life in Portland. She discusses working as a marine machinist for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She describes her job duties, talks about her experiences as one of the first women in the shipyards, and speaks about some of the people she worked with. She talks about her wages, about her life after the war, and about attending business college. She speaks about her social life during the war, about the dangers of the job, and about her membership in unions. She talks about the treatment she received from her male coworkers, shares her observations of the treatment of Black shipyard workers, and describes the launch of the last Liberty ship. She shares several anecdotes about her time in the shipyards, particularly regarding her experiences as a woman. She closes the interview by looking at photographs and other documents, and talking about them. Incomplete transcript available (10 pages).

Ellis, Loena E. (Leona Elizabeth), 1915-2000

Interview with Leona E. Ellis [Sound Recording 05]

Tape 3, Side 1. This oral history interview with Leona E. Ellis was conducted by Sandy Polishuk in Portland, Oregon, on May 15, 1981. In this interview, Ellis discusses her family background and early life in Portland. She discusses working as a marine machinist for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She describes her job duties, talks about her experiences as one of the first women in the shipyards, and speaks about some of the people she worked with. She talks about her wages, about her life after the war, and about attending business college. She speaks about her social life during the war, about the dangers of the job, and about her membership in unions. She talks about the treatment she received from her male coworkers, shares her observations of the treatment of Black shipyard workers, and describes the launch of the last Liberty ship. She shares several anecdotes about her time in the shipyards, particularly regarding her experiences as a woman. She closes the interview by looking at photographs and other documents, and talking about them. Incomplete transcript available (10 pages).

Ellis, Loena E. (Leona Elizabeth), 1915-2000

Interview with Lois L. Housman [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Lois L. Housman was conducted by Madeline Moore at Housman’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Hausman speaks at length about her early life on a farm near Springfield, Missouri. She talks about her marriage to Joe Housman. She speaks at length about working at and running restaurants in Portland, Oregon. She describes how she came to work as a welder in the Kaiser shipyards in Portland during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about her training, about her friendship with Augusta Clawson, author of “Shipyard Diary of a Woman Welder,” and about a typical day in the shipyards. She discusses the dangers of the job and the protective gear she wore; shares her observations about how Black workers were treated in the shipyards; and talks about balancing her family and work. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Housman, Lois L. (Lois Lucille), 1905-1996

Interview with Lois L. Housman [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Lois L. Housman was conducted by Madeline Moore at Housman’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Hausman speaks at length about her early life on a farm near Springfield, Missouri. She talks about her marriage to Joe Housman. She speaks at length about working at and running restaurants in Portland, Oregon. She describes how she came to work as a welder in the Kaiser shipyards in Portland during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about her training, about her friendship with Augusta Clawson, author of “Shipyard Diary of a Woman Welder,” and about a typical day in the shipyards. She discusses the dangers of the job and the protective gear she wore; shares her observations about how Black workers were treated in the shipyards; and talks about balancing her family and work. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Housman, Lois L. (Lois Lucille), 1905-1996

Interview with Lois L. Housman [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Lois L. Housman was conducted by Madeline Moore at Housman’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Hausman speaks at length about her early life on a farm near Springfield, Missouri. She talks about her marriage to Joe Housman. She speaks at length about working at and running restaurants in Portland, Oregon. She describes how she came to work as a welder in the Kaiser shipyards in Portland during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about her training, about her friendship with Augusta Clawson, author of “Shipyard Diary of a Woman Welder,” and about a typical day in the shipyards. She discusses the dangers of the job and the protective gear she wore; shares her observations about how Black workers were treated in the shipyards; and talks about balancing her family and work. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Housman, Lois L. (Lois Lucille), 1905-1996

Interview with Lois L. Housman [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with Lois L. Housman was conducted by Madeline Moore at Housman’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 22, 1981. In this interview, Hausman speaks at length about her early life on a farm near Springfield, Missouri. She talks about her marriage to Joe Housman. She speaks at length about working at and running restaurants in Portland, Oregon. She describes how she came to work as a welder in the Kaiser shipyards in Portland during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about her training, about her friendship with Augusta Clawson, author of “Shipyard Diary of a Woman Welder,” and about a typical day in the shipyards. She discusses the dangers of the job and the protective gear she wore; shares her observations about how Black workers were treated in the shipyards; and talks about balancing her family and work. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Housman, Lois L. (Lois Lucille), 1905-1996

Interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Culbertson’s home in Gresham, Oregon, on May 4, 1981. Culbertson’s husband, Leo W. Culbertson, was also present and contributed to the interview. In this interview, Culbertson discusses her early life in Portland, including working multiple jobs while in high school. She talks about working as a specialty welder in the shipyards in Portland, Oregon, during World War II, the cost of protective clothing, and about injuries on the job. She speaks about working alongside men, describes her job duties, and discusses balancing work and family life. She briefly discusses her wages and her membership in the Boilermakers Union. She then talks about her life after the war, including working as a waitress. She also describes President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1942 visit to the shipyards; talks about her working and living conditions; and describes a typical work day. Complete transcript available (98 pages).

Culbertson, Lue Rayne H. (Lue Rayne Hope), 1923-1994

Interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Culbertson’s home in Gresham, Oregon, on May 4, 1981. Culbertson’s husband, Leo W. Culbertson, was also present and contributed to the interview. In this interview, Culbertson discusses her early life in Portland, including working multiple jobs while in high school. She talks about working as a specialty welder in the shipyards in Portland, Oregon, during World War II, the cost of protective clothing, and about injuries on the job. She speaks about working alongside men, describes her job duties, and discusses balancing work and family life. She briefly discusses her wages and her membership in the Boilermakers Union. She then talks about her life after the war, including working as a waitress. She also describes President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1942 visit to the shipyards; talks about her working and living conditions; and describes a typical work day. Complete transcript available (98 pages).

Culbertson, Lue Rayne H. (Lue Rayne Hope), 1923-1994

Interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Culbertson’s home in Gresham, Oregon, on May 4, 1981. Culbertson’s husband, Leo W. Culbertson, was also present and contributed to the interview. In this interview, Culbertson discusses her early life in Portland, including working multiple jobs while in high school. She talks about working as a specialty welder in the shipyards in Portland, Oregon, during World War II, the cost of protective clothing, and about injuries on the job. She speaks about working alongside men, describes her job duties, and discusses balancing work and family life. She briefly discusses her wages and her membership in the Boilermakers Union. She then talks about her life after the war, including working as a waitress. She also describes President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1942 visit to the shipyards; talks about her working and living conditions; and describes a typical work day. Complete transcript available (98 pages).

Culbertson, Lue Rayne H. (Lue Rayne Hope), 1923-1994

Interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson [Sound Recording 04]

Tape 3, Side 1. This oral history interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Culbertson’s home in Gresham, Oregon, on May 4, 1981. Culbertson’s husband, Leo W. Culbertson, was also present and contributed to the interview. In this interview, Culbertson discusses her early life in Portland, including working multiple jobs while in high school. She talks about working as a specialty welder in the shipyards in Portland, Oregon, during World War II, the cost of protective clothing, and about injuries on the job. She speaks about working alongside men, describes her job duties, and discusses balancing work and family life. She briefly discusses her wages and her membership in the Boilermakers Union. She then talks about her life after the war, including working as a waitress. She also describes President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1942 visit to the shipyards; talks about her working and living conditions; and describes a typical work day. Complete transcript available (98 pages).

Culbertson, Lue Rayne H. (Lue Rayne Hope), 1923-1994

Interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson [Sound Recording 05]

Tape 3, Side 2. This oral history interview with Lue Rayne H. Culbertson was conducted by Sandy Polishuk at Culbertson’s home in Gresham, Oregon, on May 4, 1981. Culbertson’s husband, Leo W. Culbertson, was also present and contributed to the interview. In this interview, Culbertson discusses her early life in Portland, including working multiple jobs while in high school. She talks about working as a specialty welder in the shipyards in Portland, Oregon, during World War II, the cost of protective clothing, and about injuries on the job. She speaks about working alongside men, describes her job duties, and discusses balancing work and family life. She briefly discusses her wages and her membership in the Boilermakers Union. She then talks about her life after the war, including working as a waitress. She also describes President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1942 visit to the shipyards; talks about her working and living conditions; and describes a typical work day. Complete transcript available (98 pages).

Culbertson, Lue Rayne H. (Lue Rayne Hope), 1923-1994

Interview with Mabel E. Studebaker [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Mabel E. Studebaker was conducted by Amy Kesselman at Studebaker's home in Vancouver, Washington, on April 15, 1981. In this interview, Studebaker discusses her early life on a farm in Rice Lake, Wisconsin, and about raising a family during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a pipefitter at the Kaiser shipyards in Vancouver during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She discusses her job duties, talks about balancing raising a family with work in the shipyards, and describes a typical day on the job. She speaks about working in canneries and baking wedding cakes after the end of the war.

Studebaker, Mabel E. (Mabel Elaine), 1911-2001

Interview with Mabel E. Studebaker [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Mabel E. Studebaker was conducted by Amy Kesselman at Studebaker's home in Vancouver, Washington, on April 15, 1981. In this interview, Studebaker discusses her early life on a farm in Rice Lake, Wisconsin, and about raising a family during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a pipefitter at the Kaiser shipyards in Vancouver during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She discusses her job duties, talks about balancing raising a family with work in the shipyards, and describes a typical day on the job. She speaks about working in canneries and baking wedding cakes after the end of the war.

Studebaker, Mabel E. (Mabel Elaine), 1911-2001

Interview with Mabel L. Hegg [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Mabel L. Hegg was conducted by Susan Feldman at Hegg’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 26, 1981. In this interview, Hegg discusses her early jobs, then describes how she came to work as a lead lady tank cleaner for Commercial Iron Works during World War II. She talks about the work of tank cleaners and about the duties of a lead lady. She discusses racism she observed in the shipyards, talks about people she worked with, and speaks about her work after the end of the war. She also talks about briefly working in a shipyard in Seattle, Washington.

Hegg, Mabel L. (Mabel Leona), 1892-1988

Interview with Mabel L. Hegg [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Mabel L. Hegg was conducted by Susan Feldman at Hegg’s home in Portland, Oregon, on May 26, 1981. In this interview, Hegg discusses her early jobs, then describes how she came to work as a lead lady tank cleaner for Commercial Iron Works during World War II. She talks about the work of tank cleaners and about the duties of a lead lady. She discusses racism she observed in the shipyards, talks about people she worked with, and speaks about her work after the end of the war. She also talks about briefly working in a shipyard in Seattle, Washington.

Hegg, Mabel L. (Mabel Leona), 1892-1988

Interview with Margaret E. Shearer (Interview 9) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Margaret E. Shearer discusses working in the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation shipyard. She talks about working in the office and about later working as a tool checker and cable stripper. She discusses her father's career as a foreman at the shipyards. She talks about the friends she made at the shipyards and discusses their later careers.

Shearer, Margaret E. (Margaret Elise), 1924-2015

Interview with Margaret E. Shearer (Interview 9) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Margaret E. Shearer discusses working in the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation shipyard. She talks about working in the office and about later working as a tool checker and cable stripper. She discusses her father's career as a foreman at the shipyards. She talks about the friends she made at the shipyards and discusses their later careers.

Shearer, Margaret E. (Margaret Elise), 1924-2015

Interview with Marie Gleason (Interview 5) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Marie Gleason discusses working as an electrician at the Kaiser shipyards. She talks about supervising other women workers, including helping to accommodate a deaf coworker; and discusses the people she worked with. She briefly mentions the use of the day care centers and how other women had benefited from them. She also talks about training her cat and shares other personal anecdotes. She speaks about being laid off at the end of the war, and talks about her activities since then. She closes her interview by reflecting on her involvement with the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW).

Gleason, Marie, 1894-

Interview with Marie Gleason (Interview 5) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Marie Gleason discusses working as an electrician at the Kaiser shipyards. She talks about supervising other women workers, including helping to accommodate a deaf coworker; and discusses the people she worked with. She briefly mentions the use of the day care centers and how other women had benefited from them. She also talks about training her cat and shares other personal anecdotes. She speaks about being laid off at the end of the war, and talks about her activities since then. She closes her interview by reflecting on her involvement with the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW).

Gleason, Marie, 1894-

Interview with Marie Merchant [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Marie Merchant was conducted by Amy Kesselman at Merchant's home in Portland, Oregon, on July 20, 1981. In this interview, Merchant discusses her early life in Lexington, Kentucky, including her marriage history and raising a family during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a scaler and painter’s helper at Willamette Iron and Steel in Portland, Oregon, during World War II. She talks about the job duties of a scaler, about her child care arrangements, and about the work she did after the end of the war. She shares her reasons for remaining in Portland and talks about her involvement in her church.

Merchant, Marie, 1915-2005

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