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Manuscript discussing Finley's lecture
Manuscript discussing the topics of William Finley's lecture, including the Lower Klamath and Malheur Wildlife Refuges, preserving the Columbia River, and the effects of agriculture.
Correspondence and news releases
Correspondence discussing the Malheur Lake Wildlife Refuge and dam construction on the Klamath River in California. News releases describing William Finley's life and lectures are included.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
The bush-tit, a bird architect
Article describing bushtits in California and Oregon, including nests and behavior.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
The smart gull or Friend of the farmer
Article describing observations of gulls in California and Oregon.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
Articles authored by Irene Finley: 1. "Making the birds happy"; 2. "Musk-rat, new industry for Oregon"
Finley, Irene
Articles: 1. "The biggest bird in the world"; 2. "Bird sanctuary as a memorial"
Finley, Irene
Article discussing conservation efforts and endangered bird species, including the trumpeter swan, California condor, and bald eagle.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
Article describing a lion farm in El Monte, California.
Finley, Irene
Winter bird tourists in the south
Article describing gulls observed at WestLake Park in Los Angeles.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
A fish without a country: How the Pacific coast salmon has been following the trail of the dodo
Article describing the decline of sockeye salmon in the Fraser River and a treaty that was formed between Canada and America.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
Probe, the pioneer of the flycatchers
This work focuses on phoebes, including the Say's and black phoebe.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
Birds cannot live without homes
Article discussing the establishment of wildlife refuges.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
When the condor sailed the Columbia
The decline of the California condor is discussed in this article. Once a frequent flyer along the Columbia River in Oregon, the bird has became a stranger as numbers dwindled.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
Friendly Oregon birds wintering in the south
William L. Finley and Ed Averill describe the many Oregon birds that flew down to winter in warmer climates, including ducks and geese.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
Article describing Irene Finley's interactions with elephants at two zoos.
Finley, Irene
A copy of the "Sanctuaries for waterfowl" manuscript.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
This manuscript describes the California murre, including a physical description and the commercialization of murre eggs.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
The subject of this manuscript is the Valley or California quail, which can be found in California, Oregon, and now Washington. The document lists the bird's call, how it defends itself against enemies, and its physical appearance. The document ends with a comparison of the bird to the mountain quail.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
Manuscript that delves into the perplexing animal that is ring-tailed cat or ringtail. A cousin of the raccoon, the animal can be found in the southwestern part of the Americas from Mexico to southern Oregon. The animal has a strange appearance and prefers to hunt mice and small game. The animal is an omnivore and emits a musky smell.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
This manuscript describes interactions between humans and grizzly bears.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
Wholesale waterfowl destruction in the Klamath Country
Manuscript discusses how the waterfowl in Klamath country are now protected from hunters by game laws. The Bureau of Reclamation destroyed areas of sanctuary for waterfowl because the demand for land for agricultural use was so high. According to Dr. C. F. Marbut from the Department of Agriculture, the soil from the land in and around the bed of the Lower Klamath Lake could not support agricultural means successfully. Instead, the area became a refuge similar to Clear Lake.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
Manuscript that focuses on the American white pelican, which according to this document, has an unattractive appearance. The document also describes how the pelican feeds its young.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
Records of ducks over baited waters
Manuscript that delves into the game records for duck hunting, finding that the two states with the largest number of birds bagged were permitted to use bait. The author explains that the reason why there was such a concentration of birds in California and Illinois, is that they lie on the most naturally attractive waterways. Other states are mentioned, but the main focus is on California and Illinois. The document goes on to say that the practice of baiting creates an unfair advantage and those that do not bait tend to later follow after seeing the baiters' success. The federal government banned the use of bait in respects to duck hunting.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
The romance of swans sometimes goes haywire
Manuscript chronicling the failure of introducing two male swans to two female swans who had been companions for a few years. The author points out that partners should be introduced in the first two years of life as swans mate for life. After such a long period of association, the two birds became dependent upon each other for all types of companionship long before the males were introduced.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
Klamath waterfowl mat stage a good comeback
Manuscript that relays the struggle of farmers and land owners versus the Reclamation Services in respects to the lake beds in the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake areas. It was recognized that the drying of the beds is destructive to the local waterfowl because of a lack of a reliable water source. For the farmers and land owners, they would rather see the land as a place of cultivation. The Reclamation Service believed that only a small part could realistically be kept under cultivation. Part of the area in question became a sump and instead of using all of the land for that purpose, a refuge area was set aside which became the Tule Lake Refuge.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
Cats have no respect for game laws
Manuscript that ponders whether or not it is justified to exterminate cats that are disrupting a wildlife refuge. The author and Mr. Fairchild observed a trio of cats that caused a bit of mayhem by hunting birds in the refuge.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953
Manuscript that champions the idea of additional sanctuaries for birds and animals. The document mentions what efforts President Theodore Roosevelt made before retiring from office. The document also highlights a number of refuges in the United States.
Averill, Edgar F., 1881-1955
Manuscript that marvels at how birds adapt and seem to remember their environment. Author remarks on the difference in behavior of birds when they perceive danger.
Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953