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Interview with Eva L. Groshong [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Eva L. Groshong was conducted by Amy Kesselman in Gresham, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Groshong discusses her early life on a farm in Goldendale, Washington, her marriage history, and her work as a fruit packer and teacher. She describes how she came to work in the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington, during World War II and shares her experiences as a woman worker. She talks about the dangers of the job, about the people she worked with, and about her daily activities during that time. She also discusses her husband's health and her activities after the end of the war. She shares her thoughts about the women's liberation movement and about secular government.

Groshong, Eva L. (Eva Locy), 1896-1996

Interview with Eva M. Lund (Interview 18) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Eva M. Lund discusses working as a welder for Commercial Iron Works. She speaks about her experience with the boilermaker's union; talks about her experience as the first woman to join the bartender's union; and her child care arrangement while working in the shipyards. She discusses the trucking business she ran with her husband after the war; talks about how work as a welder affected her health; and describes the dangers of the job. She also talks about quality control in the shipyards, about grocery shopping and rationing, and about the mass layoffs of women after the war ended in 1945. She closes the interview by sharing anecdotes about people and events at the shipyards.

Lund, Eva M. (Eva May), 1912-1996

Interview with Eva M. Lund (Interview 18) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Eva M. Lund discusses working as a welder for Commercial Iron Works. She speaks about her experience with the boilermaker's union; talks about her experience as the first woman to join the bartender's union; and her child care arrangement while working in the shipyards. She discusses the trucking business she ran with her husband after the war; talks about how work as a welder affected her health; and describes the dangers of the job. She also talks about quality control in the shipyards, about grocery shopping and rationing, and about the mass layoffs of women after the war ended in 1945. She closes the interview by sharing anecdotes about people and events at the shipyards.

Lund, Eva M. (Eva May), 1912-1996

Interview with Eva Rickles [Sound Recording 01]

Session 1. This interview with Eva Rickles was conducted by Paul Fardig and Judith Fardig in 2018. The interview was recorded for The Immigrant Story, an organization that documents and archives the stories of immigrants and refugees in the United States. This interview was conducted informally during a photo shoot. In this interview, Rickles discusses her childhood dog, Wippi, whom she had to leave behind when her family fled Nazi Germany in 1937. She also talks about some of the items her family brought with them to the United States, particularly family photographs and a grandfather clock. She speaks about the family background of her husband, Norman H. Rickles; the Enlightenment as it applied to the European Jewish community (known as Haskalah); and several of the artworks in her home. She and the interviewers make small talk away from the recording device for several minutes. Rickles closes the interview by reading from her father's diary; discussing her early education at a synagogue in Berlin, Germany; and describing the differences in English dialects. She and the interviewers make small talk for the remainder of the audio recording.

Rickles, Eva S. (Eva Simons), 1927-

Interview with Forrest E. Rieke (Interview 2) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Forrest E. Rieke discusses his experiences as a physician in Portland, including treating people who struggled with mental health after the Depression. He talks about his experiences as a physician at the Kaiser shipyards during World War II, speaks about the introduction of women into the workforce, and shares his observations about the sexism they experienced. He talks about his role as one of the main doctors in the shipyard day care centers and details the severity of the health issues he saw in the children. He closes the interview by discussing how the day care centers benefited the families of women working in the shipyards, including how they improved the health of the children.

Rieke, Forrest E. (Forrest Eugene), 1913-1978

Interview with Forrest E. Rieke (Interview 2) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Forrest E. Rieke discusses his experiences as a physician in Portland, including treating people who struggled with mental health after the Depression. He talks about his experiences as a physician at the Kaiser shipyards during World War II, speaks about the introduction of women into the workforce, and shares his observations about the sexism they experienced. He talks about his role as one of the main doctors in the shipyard day care centers and details the severity of the health issues he saw in the children. He closes the interview by discussing how the day care centers benefited the families of women working in the shipyards, including how they improved the health of the children.

Rieke, Forrest E. (Forrest Eugene), 1913-1978

Interview with Forrest E. Rieke (Interview 2) [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. In this interview, Forrest E. Rieke discusses his experiences as a physician in Portland, including treating people who struggled with mental health after the Depression. He talks about his experiences as a physician at the Kaiser shipyards during World War II, speaks about the introduction of women into the workforce, and shares his observations about the sexism they experienced. He talks about his role as one of the main doctors in the shipyard day care centers and details the severity of the health issues he saw in the children. He closes the interview by discussing how the day care centers benefited the families of women working in the shipyards, including how they improved the health of the children.

Rieke, Forrest E. (Forrest Eugene), 1913-1978

Interview with Helen E. Berggren [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Helen E. Berggren was conducted by Sara Cook and Lynn Taylor at Berggren’s home in Brush Prairie, Oregon, on May 23, 1981. In this interview, Berggren discusses her early life in North Dakota and describes the death of her mother in 1920. She talks about working as an electrician at the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington. She talks about other jobs she worked and raising her family. She speaks about the people she worked with at the shipyard, about her job duties, and about the dangers of the job. She speaks at length about her life after the war, particularly about houses where she lived in Brush Prairie, and revisits the topic of her early life to talk about her education. She closes the interview by talking about a trip she took to Washington, D.C. Complete transcript available (36 pages).

Berggren, Helen E. (Helen Elizabeth), 1901-1994

Interview with Helen E. Berggren [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Helen E. Berggren was conducted by Sara Cook and Lynn Taylor at Berggren’s home in Brush Prairie, Oregon, on May 23, 1981. In this interview, Berggren discusses her early life in North Dakota and describes the death of her mother in 1920. She talks about working as an electrician at the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington. She talks about other jobs she worked and raising her family. She speaks about the people she worked with at the shipyard, about her job duties, and about the dangers of the job. She speaks at length about her life after the war, particularly about houses where she lived in Brush Prairie, and revisits the topic of her early life to talk about her education. She closes the interview by talking about a trip she took to Washington, D.C. Complete transcript available (36 pages).

Berggren, Helen E. (Helen Elizabeth), 1901-1994

Interview with Helen E. Berggren [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1.This oral history interview with Helen E. Berggren was conducted by Sara Cook and Lynn Taylor at Berggren’s home in Brush Prairie, Oregon, on May 23, 1981. In this interview, Berggren discusses her early life in North Dakota and describes the death of her mother in 1920. She talks about working as an electrician at the Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington. She talks about other jobs she worked and raising her family. She speaks about the people she worked with at the shipyard, about her job duties, and about the dangers of the job. She speaks at length about her life after the war, particularly about houses where she lived in Brush Prairie, and revisits the topic of her early life to talk about her education. She closes the interview by talking about a trip she took to Washington, D.C. Complete transcript available (36 pages).

Berggren, Helen E. (Helen Elizabeth), 1901-1994

Interview with Helen Gardner (Interview 22) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Helen Gardner discusses working as a welder for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She talks about her training and the dangers of the job, and describes the assembly line workflows. She discusses the treatment of women workers by male coworkers and the boilermaker's union; talks about the lay-offs after the war ended; and discusses her activities after the war, including her return to welding in the 1970s.

Gardner, Helen L. (Helen Lorena), 1913-1986

Interview with Helen Gardner (Interview 22) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Helen Gardner discusses working as a welder for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She talks about her training and the dangers of the job, and describes the assembly line workflows. She discusses the treatment of women workers by male coworkers and the boilermaker's union; talks about the lay-offs after the war ended; and discusses her activities after the war, including her return to welding in the 1970s.

Gardner, Helen L. (Helen Lorena), 1913-1986

Interview with Horst G. Grimm

Tape 2, Side 1. The interview with Horst G. Grimm, who worked at and later owned the Nicholas Ungar Furs store in Portland, Oregon, was conducted on February 14, 1998. In this interview, Grimm shares his memories of Gladys L. Randall's millinery business. He also describes Portland, Oregon, society when he first arrived from Germany in 1959. He talks about Randall's millinery skills, about the health dangers posed by the chemicals used in hatmaking, and about changes in women's fashion from the 1950s to the time of the interview, particularly hat fashion.

Grimm, Horst G. (Horst Guenther), 1933-

Interview with Ida E. Matz [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Ida E. Matz was conducted by Sandra Cook at Matz's home in Portland, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Matz discusses her early life as the child of a forest ranger in Oregon and Washington, including her education and family summers camping in state forests. She talks about her education and career as a nurse at Emanuel Hospital in Portland. She also shares her experience during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a nurse at Commercial Iron Works during World War II. She talks about some of the injuries she saw in patients at the shipyards and about workplace safety there. She compares her shipyard nursing work to her other nursing jobs and shares her reasons for leaving the field of industrial nursing after 1968. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Matz, Ida E. (Ida Emma), 1920-1993

Interview with Ida E. Matz [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Ida E. Matz was conducted by Sandra Cook at Matz's home in Portland, Oregon, on June 18, 1981. In this interview, Matz discusses her early life as the child of a forest ranger in Oregon and Washington, including her education and family summers camping in state forests. She talks about her education and career as a nurse at Emanuel Hospital in Portland. She also shares her experience during the Depression. She describes how she came to work as a nurse at Commercial Iron Works during World War II. She talks about some of the injuries she saw in patients at the shipyards and about workplace safety there. She compares her shipyard nursing work to her other nursing jobs and shares her reasons for leaving the field of industrial nursing after 1968. She shares her thoughts about the women’s liberation movement.

Matz, Ida E. (Ida Emma), 1920-1993

Interview with Ione L. Williams (Interview 17) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Ione L. Williams discusses working as a welder for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She talks about the dangers of the job and discusses the kind of work she and other women did. She speaks about using the shipyard day care centers and describes the care her children received. She discusses life in the St. Johns Woods war housing project, talks about grocery shopping, and discusses her career after the war ended. She also talks about being required to buy war bonds.

Williams, Ione L. (Ione Lucille), 1919-2010

Interview with Ione L. Williams (Interview 17) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Ione L. Williams discusses working as a welder for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She talks about the dangers of the job and discusses the kind of work she and other women did. She speaks about using the shipyard day care centers and describes the care her children received. She discusses life in the St. Johns Woods war housing project, talks about grocery shopping, and discusses her career after the war ended. She also talks about being required to buy war bonds.

Williams, Ione L. (Ione Lucille), 1919-2010

Interview with Isabella C. Sanders (Interview 12) [Sound Recording]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Isabella C. Sanders discusses her experiences as a Black woman working as a scaler for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation. She talks about her commute, about balancing work and family life, and about her experience living in Vanport during the 1948 Vanport flood. She closes the interview by talking about other jobs she held.

Sanders, Isabella C., 1918-1998

Interview with Jean E. Amonson (Interview 4) [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. In this interview, Jean E. Amonson discusses her experiences as lead teacher for the Kaiser shipyards day care center in Portland, Oregon. She describes the daily operation of the center, the health and experiences of the children, and the teaching methods used. She closes the interview by discussing the lasting impact of this work on herself and her own children, and by talking about her retirement as a result of contracting polio.

Amonson, Jean E. (Jean Elizabeth), 1920-2010

Interview with Jean E. Amonson (Interview 4) [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. In this interview, Jean E. Amonson discusses her experiences as lead teacher for the Kaiser shipyards day care center in Portland, Oregon. She describes the daily operation of the center, the health and experiences of the children, and the teaching methods used. She closes the interview by discussing the lasting impact of this work on herself and her own children, and by talking about her retirement as a result of contracting polio.

Amonson, Jean E. (Jean Elizabeth), 1920-2010

Interview with Joan F. Hudlicky [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Joan F. Hudlicky was conducted by Sara Cook and Amy Kesselman at Hudlicky’s home in Vancouver, Washington, on April 10, 1981. In this interview, Hudlicky discusses her early life in Portland, Oregon. She talks about her experiences working in the shipyards, particularly her work as a crane operator. She also discusses her life after the war. She describes a typical day in the shipyards, talks about her child care arrangement, and discusses the dangers of the job. She speaks about the treatment she received from her male coworkers and talks about how women’s status in society changed after the war. Incomplete transcript available (29 pages).

Hudlicky, Joan F. (Joan Frances), 1921-1990

Interview with Joan F. Hudlicky [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Joan F. Hudlicky was conducted by Sara Cook and Amy Kesselman at Hudlicky’s home in Vancouver, Washington, on April 10, 1981. In this interview, Hudlicky discusses her early life in Portland, Oregon. She talks about her experiences working in the shipyards, particularly her work as a crane operator. She also discusses her life after the war. She describes a typical day in the shipyards, talks about her child care arrangement, and discusses the dangers of the job. She speaks about the treatment she received from her male coworkers and talks about how women’s status in society changed after the war. Incomplete transcript available (29 pages).

Hudlicky, Joan F. (Joan Frances), 1921-1990

Interview with Kay Baker [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Kay Baker was conducted by Karen Wickre at Baker’s home in Portland, Oregon, on April 4, 1981. In this interview, Baker discusses her early life in Oswego (now known as Lake Oswego), Oregon, including her experiences during the Depression. She shares the reasons why she chose not to get married. She then talks about working as a burner for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation and for Commercial Iron Works, describes how the work affected her health, and discusses some of the people she worked with. She talks about her wages, about her membership in the Boilermakers Union, and about her reasons for leaving the shipyards. She shares her observations about the experiences of Black shipyard workers, describes a typical workday, and describes some of the treatment that women workers received from their male coworkers. She talks about her life after the war, particularly her experiences working at Precision Cast Parts. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts on the women’s movement and feminism. Complete transcript available (52 pages).

Baker, Kay (Katherine), 1914-1989

Interview with Kay Baker [Sound Recording 02]

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Kay Baker was conducted by Karen Wickre at Baker’s home in Portland, Oregon, on April 4, 1981. In this interview, Baker discusses her early life in Oswego (now known as Lake Oswego), Oregon, including her experiences during the Depression. She shares the reasons why she chose not to get married. She then talks about working as a burner for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation and for Commercial Iron Works, describes how the work affected her health, and discusses some of the people she worked with. She talks about her wages, about her membership in the Boilermakers Union, and about her reasons for leaving the shipyards. She shares her observations about the experiences of Black shipyard workers, describes a typical workday, and describes some of the treatment that women workers received from their male coworkers. She talks about her life after the war, particularly her experiences working at Precision Cast Parts. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts on the women’s movement and feminism. Complete transcript available (52 pages).

Baker, Kay (Katherine), 1914-1989

Interview with Kay Baker [Sound Recording 03]

Tape 2, Side 1. This oral history interview with Kay Baker was conducted by Karen Wickre at Baker’s home in Portland, Oregon, on April 4, 1981. In this interview, Baker discusses her early life in Oswego (now known as Lake Oswego), Oregon, including her experiences during the Depression. She shares the reasons why she chose not to get married. She then talks about working as a burner for the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation and for Commercial Iron Works, describes how the work affected her health, and discusses some of the people she worked with. She talks about her wages, about her membership in the Boilermakers Union, and about her reasons for leaving the shipyards. She shares her observations about the experiences of Black shipyard workers, describes a typical workday, and describes some of the treatment that women workers received from their male coworkers. She talks about her life after the war, particularly her experiences working at Precision Cast Parts. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts on the women’s movement and feminism. Complete transcript available (52 pages).

Baker, Kay (Katherine), 1914-1989

Interview with Kay Blair [Sound Recording 01]

Tape 1, Side 1.This oral history interview with Kay Blair was conducted by Madeline Moore on April 26, 1980. Blair’s daughter, Nancy K. Blair, was also present. In this interview, Blair discusses her experience working as an electrician in the Kaiser shipyard on Swan Island. She talks about her commute, about balancing home life and her career, and shares instances of sexual harassment she experienced from her male coworkers. She describes working with asbestos and other health hazards of the job. She also talks about race and sex segregation that she observed. She describes a typical work day, talks about her training, and shares her reasons for seeking work as an electrician. She also talks about the Kaiser child service centers. She discusses her reasons for leaving the shipyards and talks about her life after the war. She also talks about her membership in the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) and describes her working and living conditions. She closes the interview by sharing her thoughts about the women’s movement and feminism. Incomplete transcript available (13 pages).

Blair, Kay (Kathryn Johnson), 1920-1992

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